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Global Education Governance and Data: A bureaucratic, technocratic or democratic relation?

Global Education Governance and Data: A bureaucratic, technocratic or democratic relation? M. Carton CIES, March 2014. CIES programme: counting words. Politics : 2 Governance : 4 Data: 13 Assessment : 19 GLOBAL: 64 TVET: 2 ; Training ( teachers ) 4 ; Skills : 4.

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Global Education Governance and Data: A bureaucratic, technocratic or democratic relation?

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  1. Global Education Governance and Data: A bureaucratic, technocratic or democratic relation? M. Carton CIES, March 2014

  2. CIES programme: countingwords • Politics: 2 • Governance: 4 • Data: 13 • Assessment: 19 • GLOBAL: 64 • TVET: 2 ; Training (teachers) 4 ; Skills: 4

  3. Which Global Governance for Education? • Health Global Governance, Diplomacysince 20 years (e.g. Geneva Graduate Institute); Science, Water : what about education? • OECD-PISA = key institution-instruments for development of global ed. reform package: decentralization, « choice » via marketmechanisms, centralisation of goal setting, assessments… • Frommultipurpose socialisation (inc.democratic) to workforcepreparation

  4. From state-controlled, nation referencededucationgovernance to world market and civil society based one • Fromlowproductivitybureaucracy to high efficiencytechnocracy • Paradoxes (cf. H-D Meyer) of PISA: • new norm setter + governanceregime « seller » (PISA for Dev.), supported by disempowered states • differentpolicyinterpretationswhenusing the same «  neutral » results (e.g. the USA 2013 report reading by the Administration and by M. Carnoy +)

  5. Education Governance via Data: global and democratic? • Is such a model leading to uniformity and control, or to diversification and innovation? • Are the data collectedbased on transparent keyassumptionsand categorizations, underpinnig the quantification and measurementprocessesbeingused? • For example, whichdefinition of Growth lies at the back of the OECD PIAAC?

  6. From Quantification to Measurement to Data: to be (or not) democratic? • Quantification = passing from words (quality) to numbers (quantity) based on comparisons and equivalence conventions • Transformation into numbers based on conventions = political and technical act: • May we/can we compare: women and men? Inequalities? • May we/can we translate notion of quality educational outcomes into numbers by defining equivalence words-numbers, allowing for statistics, indicators, comparisons and ranking?

  7. Transformation into numbers based on conventions = socially and cognitively creative dimensions = reflect diversity and transformation of the world > no reification of measure • More than 60 conventions define literacy (UIL)  variety of measurement’s results: problem? • Is “intelligence” a qualitative characteristic or what is only measured by IQ? Both? • How to measure other learning outcomes than literacy and numeracy? • How to include out of school population, early school-drop outs, NFET?

  8. Statistics: the old « new » data revolution? • Scientific proof instrument since 19thcentury, using probabilistic calculations • Governance instrument for 20 centuries: Status, Statista, Staatskunde, Statistics ≡ State instrument • Results-based approach = what must be delivered  process: VfM, NPM, Theory of Change… • Evidence-basedapproaches = whatworks outcomes: experimental medecine, RCT, impact evaluation…

  9. Results + Evidence-based approaches = focus on individuals = protection from politics = bureaucratic (R), technocratic (E) ? • Convention setting cannot be technocratic (experts-consultants market) • Democracy cannot be replaced by world consultations (e.g. post 2015)

  10. Questions • Should education policies be evidence-based ( ≡ quantitative data mostly) or informed (≡ quantitative + qualitative)? • Whatistoday’spolitics of Global Education Governance? • What are the educationstakeholders, « North and South », involved and not involved in the emergence of a new world educationregime? • More specificallywhat are the roles of the « civil society » and of the experts + consultants corporation? • > researchprojects

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