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    1. ??????????????????????? ????? ???????????

    2. 2 Topics Embryology Normal ultrasound anatomy of head neck and face Ultrasound of common anomalies of head neck and face

    3. 3 Normal anatomy of head and neck Skull ???? bony part Internal organ of head: cerebral hemisphere, cerebellum, thalamus, midbrain, medulla, ventricle, choroid plexus and corpus callosum

    4. 4

    5. 5 Embryology Neural tube ???????? 4-5 ?????????????????????? 2 ??????????????? 38-40 ?????? 40-42 ??? ??????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????? ventricle ??????????????????

    6. 6

    7. 7 Embryology ??????????????????????? ???????????? Forebrain(prosencephalon) Telencephalon Diencephalon Midbrain(mesencephalon) Hindbrain(rhombencephalon) Metencephalon Myelencephalon

    8. 8

    9. 9

    10. 10 Lateral ventricles

    11. 11 Lateral ventricles 9-14 weeks ???? atrium ???? 15-16 weeks ???? Anterior horn, Body, Atrium, Temporal horn 17-24 weeks ???? Posterior horn >24 weeks ???? lateral ventricle ????????????

    12. 12 Ultrasound of fetal head

    13. 13

    14. 14 Ultrasound of fetal head

    15. 15

    16. 16 ??????????????????? 18-24 ??????? View ?????????????????? 2 ?????? Coronal & Transverse

    17. 17 Transverse scan ???????? 1 ?????? BPD, HC ???? 3rd ventricle, thalamus cavum septum pellucidum ????????? parietal bone frontal horns

    18. 18

    19. 19 Transverse scan ???????? 2 ????????????????? 1???????????????? corpus callosum ???? Falx cerebri Anterior, posterior horns 12-14 wks.?????? choroid plexus ?????????? body, atrium ??? atrium ???? 6-7 ??.????????????? 10 ??.???????

    20. 20

    21. 21 Transverse scan ???????? 3 ???????????????? cerebellum ??????????????????????????????????? 2 ?????? 30 ???? ???? ant. ventricle, 3rd ventricle Cerebellum and vermis Cistern magna ????????? 5+/-3 ??.(2-10)

    22. 22

    23. 23 Ultrasound of fetal head

    24. 24

    25. 25 Coronal scan

    26. 26

    27. 27

    28. 28 Pitfall Pseudohydrocephalus Unilateral hydrocephalus Pseudoepidural reverberation Choriod plexus pseudocyst

    29. 29 Pseudohydrocephalus ??????????????????????????????? echo ?????????????????????? 30 ??????? ?????????? subarachnoid space ???????????????????????????????????????? ????????? choroid plexus ???????????? position ??????? ??? midline ?????????????????????????????????????????????????? ventricle

    30. 30 US pitfall

    31. 31 ??????????? ?????????? ???????????? ??? BPD ??? HC ?????????? ?????????? ???? cavum septum pellucidum ???? ???? lateral ventricles ???? ???? cisterna magna ???? ????????????????? ???????? cerebrum ??? cerebellum

    32. Face and Neck

    33. 33

    34. 34

    35. 35

    36. 36

    37. 37 ????????????????? ???????????????????? ??????????????????? ???????16 ??????? ??????????? nasal bone ???????????? Down syndrome ????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????????? View ?????????????????? 4 views

    38. 38 ????????????????? ???????????????????? View ?????????????????? 4 views Axial view ???????????????????????? Angled coronal nose-mouth view ????????????? ???? ?????????????????????????????????? Midsagittal profile view ?????????????????soft tissue Ear view

    39. 39 ????????? Axial view ??????????????????? ????? ????? ???????????? ???????????? vitreous body, hyaloid artery ?????????????????????????????????? Ocular diameter (OD) Interocular distance (IOD) Binocular distance (BOD)

    40. 40

    41. 41 Us view axial

    42. 42 Hypo/ hypertelorism Microphthalmia/ anophthalmia Proboscis Abnormal mass around the eye Lens

    43. 43 ?????? Angled coronal nose-mouth view ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ???????????????????? ?????? ?????????????????????? frontal plane ???????? ????????????????????? ???

    44. 44

    45. 45

    46. 46 Cleft lip? ???????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????

    47. 47 ??????????????????? Midsagittal profile view ??? midsagittal ????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ??? ????????????? ????????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????????????

    48. 48

    49. 49

    50. 50

    51. 51

    52. 52

    53. 53 ??????????????????? ????????????????????? ?????????? ???????????????????? ????????????????????

    54. 54 ??????? ????????? midsagittal ??????????????????? ???? ????????????? ????????????? ????????? ????????

    55. 55

    56. 56 ????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????

    57. 57 ????????????????????????? ?????????? (coronal&sagittal) ?????????? ???? ?????? ????????? ????????????? ???????????????

    58. 58 Pitfall in face and neck ultrasound exam Nasal bone (NB) Tip of skin may confuse with NB Unilateral hypoplasia Gap between NB may confuse with absent NB Nuchal translucency (NT) Amnion vs. NT Nuchal fold ?????? posterior fossa Cystic hygroma ?????????????????????? AF ???

    59. 59 Pitfall in face and neck ultrasound exam ????????????????????????????? cleft lip Isolated cleft palate ???????????????? ??????????????????????????? neck mass ?????? colour Doppler ????

    60. 60

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