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Integrating Bioluminescence into Nowcast/Forecast Systems

This workshop discusses the integration of bioluminescence sensors into nowcast and forecast systems, addressing deployment frameworks and detection avoidance maps. It explores various oceanic factors such as water depth, suspended sediments, phytoplankton, and benthic plants, and their impact on light propagation. The workshop also highlights the potential of remote sensing tools for estimating detection horizons and predicting bioluminescence events.

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Integrating Bioluminescence into Nowcast/Forecast Systems

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  1. Integrating Bioluminescence into Nowcast/Forecast Systems W. Paul Bissett, Oscar M. Schofield and Mark A. Moline ONR Bioluminescence Workshop San Diego, CA

  2. Issues • How do we couple observational nowcast/forecast systems with bioluminescence sensors to yield: • 1) a framework for when and where to deploy detection systems? • 2) detection avoidance maps? ONR Bioluminescence Workshop San Diego, CA

  3. Optically-Deep Optically-Shallow Whitecaps Micro-bubbles Shallow Ocean Floor Suspended Sediments Phytoplankton Benthic Plants 1/Kd CDOM-Rich Water IOPs, AOPs, and Ocean Color ONR Bioluminescence Workshop San Diego, CA

  4. HyCODE Application Scenarios Satellite ocean sensors: - NEMO - SeaWiFS - AVHRR Remote sensing products Sensor performance Environment Prediction Imagery Aircraft sensors: - Hyperspectral - Lidar In Situ Data Mission Planning Sampling Strategy Expendable sensors Underwater imaging systems: - Mine ID - Benthic characterization Autonomous Sampling Networks - Environmental characterization - Communication ONR Bioluminescence Workshop San Diego, CA

  5. Light Propagation in EcoSim For each depth interval light attenuation c(l,t) = a(l,t) + b(l,t) absorption a(l,t) = awater(l) + aphyto(l) + aCDOM(l) + ased(l) scattering b(l,t) = bwater(l) + bphyto(l) + bCDOM(l) + bsed(l) backscattering bb(l,t) = bb,water(l) + bb,phyto(l) + bb,CDOM(l) + bb,sed(l) geometric structure of light md(l) = fxn[b(l,t),c(l ,t), m0(l)] diffuse light attenuation Kd(l) = [a(l,t) + bb(l ,t)]/md(l)] water leaving radiance to a satellite Lu(l) = fxn[a(l,t),b(l ,t), bb(l ,t),Ed(l,t), md(l), md(l), mu(l)] ONR Bioluminescence Workshop San Diego, CA

  6. EcoSim 2.0 Model Formulation Air/Sea CO2 Dust Physical Mixing and Advection Light N2 Iron CO2 NH4 NO3 PO4 SiO4 Relict DOM Cocco-litho-phores Benthic Flora Pelagic Diatoms Dino- flagellate Tricho-desmium Synecho- coccus G. breve Excreted DOM Lysed DOM Hetero- Flagellet Viruses Copepod Ciliates Bacteria Sediment Detritus Predator Closure ONR Bioluminescence Workshop San Diego, CA

  7. Optically-Deep Optically-Shallow Whitecaps Micro-bubbles Shallow Ocean Floor Suspended Sediments Phytoplankton Benthic Plants 1/Kd CDOM-Rich Water IOPs, AOPs, and Ocean Color ONR Bioluminescence Workshop San Diego, CA

  8. EcoSim 2.0 Model Formulation Air/Sea CO2 Dust Physical Mixing and Advection Light N2 Iron CO2 NH4 NO3 PO4 SiO4 Relict DOM Cocco-litho-phores Benthic Flora Pelagic Diatoms Dino- flagellate Tricho-desmium Synecho- coccus G. breve Excreted DOM Lysed DOM Hetero- Flagellet Ctenp- phores Viruses Copepod Ciliates Bacteria Sediment Detritus Predator Closure ONR Bioluminescence Workshop San Diego, CA

  9. Bioluminescent Light Propagation in EcoSim For each depth interval light attenuation c(l,t) = a(l,t) + b(l,t) absorption a(l,t) = awater(l) + aphyto(l) + aCDOM(l) + ased(l) scattering b(l,t) = bwater(l) + bphyto(l) + bCDOM(l) + bsed(l) backscattering bb(l,t) = bb,water(l) + bb,phyto(l) + bb,CDOM(l) + bb,sed(l) geometric structure of light md(l) = fxn[b(l,t),c(l ,t), m0(l)] diffuse light attenuation Kd(l) = [a(l,t) + bb(l ,t)]/md(l)] water leaving radiance to a satellite Lu(l) = fxn[a(l,t),b(l ,t), bb(l ,t),Ed(l,t), md(l), md(l), mu(l)] ONR Bioluminescence Workshop San Diego, CA

  10. IOPs from LEO-15 - July 16, 1999 ONR Bioluminescence Workshop San Diego, CA

  11. Kd(490) and Predicted Surface Bioluminescence Yield 10-11 W m-2 sr-1 is approximately 2.5 x 107 photons m-2 sr-1 10-5 W m-2 sr-1 is approximately 2.5 x 1013 photons m-2 sr-1 ONR Bioluminescence Workshop San Diego, CA

  12. Predicted Surface Bioluminescence Yield from 10 m event 10-11 10-7 W m-2 sr-1 ONR Bioluminescence Workshop San Diego, CA

  13. Predicted Surface Bioluminescence Yield from 10 m event 10-11 10-7 W m-2 sr-1 ONR Bioluminescence Workshop San Diego, CA

  14. Summary • Optical properties of the water column directly impact bioluminescence signal propagation. • Accurate knowledge of the IOPs and AOPs is required for any instrument performance modeling, as well as determining detection horizons. • Bioluminescence can be incorporated into nowcast/forecast systems currently under development. • Optical properties derived from current remote sensing tools can be used to estimate detection horizons for hypothesized bioluminescence event. • Remote sensing and nowcast/forecast tools may be coupled to yield probability horizons and performance prediction tools. ONR Bioluminescence Workshop San Diego, CA

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