1 / 18

Plants Used In Cancer Treatment

Plants Used In Cancer Treatment. Part - III. Camptotheca acuminata – the happy tree. Camptotheca acuminata – the happy tree. Tree in the Nyssaceae ( Liriodendron family) Distribution Use in traditional medicine Late 1950s - NCI screening

earnest
Download Presentation

Plants Used In Cancer Treatment

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Plants Used In Cancer Treatment Part - III

  2. Camptotheca acuminata – the happy tree

  3. Camptotheca acuminata – the happy tree • Tree in the Nyssaceae (Liriodendron family) • Distribution • Use in traditional medicine • Late 1950s - NCI screening • 1966 - a quinoline alkaloid camptothecin (CPT) was isolated from bark (and wood)

  4. Early clinical trials of CPT • Solubility problems with CPT • 1985 interest renewed • Late 1980s semi-synthetic derivatives • Current status • Two semi-synthetics approved: Topotecan (Hycamptin) and Irinotecan (Camptosar)

  5. Other CPTs • Other CPTs undergoing clinical trials for various forms of cancer • 9-nitrocamptothecin • BAY-38-3441 • Exatecan • 9-aminocamptothecin • CPTs also being investigated as anti-viral drugs, esp anti-HIV

  6. Source of CPTs • Population decline of Camptotheca acuminata trees in China • Plantations in US • Found in leaves • Laboratory synthesis • New source of CPTs - Camptotheca lowreyana

  7. Lapacho – Tabebuia impetiginosa

  8. Lapacho • Tabebuia impetiginosa - tree in the family Bignoniaceae (catalpa family) • Distribution • Traditional uses in South America • Available as a dietary supplement • Lapachol isolated in 1884 • Beta-lapachone identified later

  9. Lapachol and Beta-lapachone • Both are simple phenolic compounds • Lapachol is a napthaquinone • Beta-lapachone is a quinone • Both have anti-cancer properties but are both highly toxic

  10. Evaluation • Early studies in South America • NCI - effective but side effects too great • Current investigations – Beta laphone • Mode of action • Derivative: 3-allyl-beta-lapachone • Interest in anti-viral activity of beta-lapachone • Use of lapacho teas as dietary supplements

  11. Fumagillin – an angiogenesis inhibitor from Aspergillus fumigatus

  12. Aspergillus fumigatus • Morphology and characteristics of Aspergillus • Environmental sources • Thermophilic fungus • Human pathogen

  13. Fumagillin • Antibiotic from Aspergillus fumigatus • Discovered in 1953 – not widely used for human infections – used for animals • Recent interest as anti-malarial and other protozoans • Accidental discovery led to observation of death of endothelial cell cultures

  14. Fumagillin derivative • Animal studies showed fumagillin inhibited vascularization of tumors in mice but quite toxic • Semisynthetic derivatives of fumagillin developed • TNP-470 now in Phase I, II, and III clinical trials for various types of cancer • Inhibits vascularization of tumors by arresting endothelial cell cycle in late G1 stage

  15. Iscador from Viscum album, European mistletoe

  16. Iscador • Extract from Viscum album • Widely used as a complementary therapy to conventional chemotherapy drugs • Lectins appear to be active components • Stimulates parts of the immune system that can slow the growth of cancer cells • Improves quality of life for cancer patients

  17. Other sources • Many other plants, algae, fungi, and bacteria have anti-cancer properties • Some are used in chemotherapy • Others in clinical trials • Others still not developed • Many others not investigated yet

More Related