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The Two Koreas

Chapter 17 Section 3. The Two Koreas. 1945- Koreans celebrated Japanese defeat in WWII with joy and hope After WWII, U.S. and Soviets agreed to let Korea regain independence Troops were sent to Korea to accept Japanese surrender Soviets occupied above 38 th parallel

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The Two Koreas

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  1. Chapter 17 Section 3 The Two Koreas

  2. 1945- Koreans celebrated Japanese defeat in WWII with joy and hope • After WWII, U.S. and Soviets agreed to let Korea regain independence • Troops were sent to Korea to accept Japanese surrender • Soviets occupied above 38th parallel • U.S. occupied below 38th parallel • As cold war rivalries increased, Soviets helped communists gain power in the North • Likewise, U.S. back non-communists in the south • 1948- Korea officially split into North and South Korea A Divided Land

  3. Clashes still occurred between the two • UN Involvement • U.S. saw N. Korea invasion as communist threat • UN voted to send troops to S. Korea • With these troops, both the South and the North fought constantly • Aftermath of the War • Stalemate ending • 1953 – both signed armistice • Korea was still divided at the 38th parallel • The war left the two areas in a ruinous state War in Korea

  4. Government • With confucian background, authoritarian rule was accepted • Syngman Rhee, 1st president, and other successors were strict about people’s freedoms • They believed this was necessary to regain stability and promote economic growth • 1960 – protests forced Rhee to resign • 1980s- democratic elections took place • Today, the government is still suppressive but oppostion groups have also won rights South Korea Today

  5. Economic Growth • 1953- faced great difficulty with rebuilding cities because of the great refugee population • With aid from the U.S., great progress has been made and today it is one of the most industrialized Asian countries • Government has tight control over the market • Exports: automobiles, textiles, & electronics • With industrialization also comes environmental pollution … South Korea Today

  6. Social Change • New middle class emerged • Industry drew farmers to the urban areas • Nuclear families are more common than extended families • Women have more rights and jobs in factories • Many Confucian traditions and values are still in place …South Korea Today

  7. Closed society under communist dictatorship • 1948-1994 Kim il Sung established totalitarian state • Complete obedience was to him • Isolated N.Korea to practice self-reliance • Very few imports and exports today • Kim Jong IL took over after his father • After 1995, natural disasters resulted in famine and economic failings • It forced government to increase trade and permit foreign investment North Korea Today

  8. Hope to reunite land still exists A nonagression pact has been signed after 1990s There is still fear and suspicion between the two countries North Korea has nuclear weapons and missiles which threaten many other countries around the world Outlook for the Future

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