The CERN Scientific Program A travel through CERN accelerator facilities

1. The CERN Scientific Program A travel through CERN accelerator facilities P.Bloch, PH Dept.

2. The Mission of CERN Push back the frontiers of knowledge E.g. the secrets of the Big Bang …what was the matter like within the first moments of the Universe’s existence? Develop new technologies for accelerators and detectors Information technology - the Web and the GRID Medicine - diagnosis and therapy Train scientists and engineers of tomorrow Unite people from different countries and cultures VIP Template/ March 2010

3. The CERN Accelerators

4. First stop : LHC

5. 13.7 Billion Years Today 1028 cm LHC : the High Energy Frontier Big Bang VIP Template/ March 2010 Germany and CERN | May 2009

6. Big Bang Proton Atom Radius of Earth Earth to Sun Radius of Galaxies Universe LHC Super-Microscope cm Hubble ALMA WMAP VLT Study physics laws of first moments after Big Bang increasing Symbiosis between Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology VIP Template/ March 2010 Germany and CERN | May 2009

7. Enter a New Era in Fundamental Science Start-up of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), one of the largest and truly global scientific projects ever, is the most exciting turning point in particle physics. CMS LHCb ALICE ATLAS Enter a New Era in Fundamental Science Search for Higgs Boson, Supersymmetry (Dark matter) , new dimensions,… Exploration of a new energy frontier Proton-proton collisions at ECM = 14 TeV LHC ring: 27 km circumference VIP Template/ March 2010 Germany and CERN | May 2009

8. Next stop : Isolde

9. Nuclear Physics nTOF & ISOLDE Neutron cross sections Astrophysics Burning of nuclear waste Radioactive Ions Beams Nuclear physics Astrophysics Solid States Physics

10. Antiprotons Decelerator

11. Antiproton & Antihydrogen Physics Matter-Antimatter comparison Very fundamental in our theory of physics m=m g=g H H ASACUSA ATRAP ALPHA Trapping H in a magnetic bottle AEGIS Look at H free fall Galileo’s experiment for antimatter ! Biological effect of p Possible use for cancer therapy ACE

12. CNGS

13. CNGS: neutrinos to Gran Sasso in Italy Like quarks, neutrinos exist in different flavors nmntne Contrary to what was believed until ~ 15 years ago neutrinos have a small mass and their flavor oscillates nmntnmne OPERA GdSasso nt??? CERN GdSasso nm 732 km

14. SPS North Hall

15. Fixed Target Physics in (1-100GeV) range Lower energy experiments at PS or SPS allow precision measurements and comparison with theory. Deviations can be sign of new physics at higher energies DIRAC : pionic atoms COMPASS : Muon Spin physics NA62 : rare K decays NA63 : electromagnetism in extreme conditions NA61 ions physics: quark gluon plasma Lead ion collision Compass in North hall (60 m long)

16. PS East Hall

17. CLOUD : : an experiment on climate Study effect of cosmic rays on clouds formation (cosmic rays “simulated “ by T11 beam, clouds created in a large climatic chamber

18. CERN Technologies - Innovation Medical imaging Example: medical application Accelerating particle beams Detecting particles Tumour Target Charged hadron beam that loses energy in matter Large-scale computing (Grid) Grid computing for medical data management and analysis

19. CERN Education Activities 2nd Latin American School of High Energy Physics Mexico, 2003 Scientists at CERN Academic Training Programme School of Computing Norway, 2008 Young Researchers CERN School of High Energy Physics CERN School of Computing CERN Accelerator School Physics Students Summer Students Programme CERN Teacher Schools International and National Programmes

20. Summary CERN scientific program is : Rich and diverse Covers a wide range of energies from atomic physics to the highest energy frontier Open to transfer of technology, education and society problems