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ANIMAL KINGDOM College Biology Bill Palmer

ANIMAL KINGDOM College Biology Bill Palmer. Animal Kingdom Some are Warm and Fuzzy!. Animal Kingdom Some are Mean and Scary!. Animal Kingdom-Nine Phyla. Porifera. Cnidaria. Nematoda. Annelida. Echinodermata. Platyhelminthes. Mollusca. Arthropoda. Chordata. (Phyla). pseudocoel.

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ANIMAL KINGDOM College Biology Bill Palmer

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  1. ANIMAL KINGDOMCollege BiologyBill Palmer

  2. Animal KingdomSome are Warm and Fuzzy!

  3. Animal KingdomSome are Mean and Scary!

  4. Animal Kingdom-Nine Phyla

  5. Porifera Cnidaria Nematoda Annelida Echinodermata Platyhelminthes Mollusca Arthropoda Chordata (Phyla) pseudocoel coelom coelom deuterosomes protosomes body cavity Radial symmetry bilateral tissue symmetry symmetry tissue Tree for Classifying Animals ancestral protist

  6. Characteristics of Animals • Eukaryotic • Multicellular • Embryonic development • Heterotrophic, ingestive • No cell walls • Mobile • Tissues

  7. Classification • Kingdom • Phylum • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species Remember:There may be sub-groups and supra-groups

  8. Phylum Porifera: The Sponges • No organs • Conglomerate of cells • Sexual Reproduction • Asexual reproduction • Budding

  9. Phylum Porifera: The Sponges • Most Marine • Some Fresh water (Grantia) Grantia freshwater Marine

  10. osculum Anatomy of Typical Sponge Inner cells with flagellae create currents The currents cause water flow into pores and out the osculum at top. Spicules strengthen the walls.

  11. Cnidaria (The Stingers)

  12. Phylum Cnidaria • Examples: Jelly fish, corals, anemones • Stinging Cells (cnidocytes) • harpoons • 2 stages • Polyp • Medusa

  13. Phylum Cnidaria • Most are Marine • Some Fresh water • Look for freshwater jellyfish in fall in large MO reservoirs

  14. MEDUSA TWO FORMS mesoglea gastrovascular cavity tentacles mouth tentacles mouth gastrovascular cavity mesoglea POLYP

  15. Phylum Platyhelminthes: Flatworms • Examples: Flukes, Planaria, Tapeworms • Organs present • No system of blood circulation • Parasitic (tapeworms, flukes) • Free-living (planaria)

  16. Phylum Platyhelminthes: Flukes Human Liver Fluke This species affects humans and destroys the liver.

  17. Phylum Platyhelminthes: Tapeworms Human Tapeworm A parasite Head or Scolex

  18. Nervous system nerve cords primitive eyes cerebral ganglia genital pore ovaries Reproductive system testes penis Body Plan of Flatworm: Dugesia • Nervous System • Head region • Primitive Eyes • Reproduction • Sexual • Asexual Planaria

  19. Porifera Cnidaria Nematoda Annelida Echinodermata Platyhelminthes Mollusca Arthropoda Chordata (Phyla) pseudocoel coelom coelom deuterosomes protosomes body cavity Complete digestive tract Radial symmetry bilateral tissue symmetry symmetry tissue Tree for Classifying Animals ancestral protist

  20. Phylum Nematoda: Roundworms • Examples: Hookworm, Round worms, Guinea worm • Organs Present • Complete digestive tract • Roles • pests for farmers • human parasites • trichinosis and hookworm • Sexual reproduction • Free living • Separate sexes

  21. Phylum Nematoda: Hookworms Adult Worm “Mouth” with teeth Hookworms enter humans through the soles of the feet

  22. Phylum Nematoda: Roundworms Male Female

  23. CAUTION!! • Next slide is graphic

  24. Guinea worms- (Serpent of Fire in Bible)?

  25. Phylum Mollusca • Classes • Gastropods (snails, slugs) • Bivalves (oysters, clams, and mussels) • Cephalopods (octopus, squid, and nautilus) • Mantle tissue • Secretes shells

  26. Mollusca Cephalapoda Gastropod Bivalves

  27. Mollusca-Giant Squid

  28. Phylum Annelida: Segmented Worms • Examples: earthworms, leeches • Body segmentation • Reproduction • Hermaphroditic (1 organism is male and female)

  29. intestine dorsal blood vessel brain No lungs “hearts” mouth coelomic space muscular walls between segments anus pairs of bristles Anatomy of Earthworm segments

  30. Arthropoda (The jointed) Crab with recently shed exoskeleton

  31. Phylum Arthropoda: Jointed appendages • Exoskeleton • carbohydrate • protein • Molting • Limits? • Appendages • jointed

  32. Three Subphyla • I. Uniramia (Insects) • Three Segments (head, thorax, abdomen) • II. Crustacea (shrimp, lobsters, crabs, barnacles) • III. Chelicerata (Spiders,ticks,mites, horseshoe crabs, centipedes, millipedes, scorpions) • Chelicerae: Appendages near mouth used in feeding and venom injection • Pedipalps (feeding/ courting/prey handling)

  33. SOME INSECT ORDERS(There are more than 20 orders) True Bug Homoptera Beetles Coleoptera Flies Diptera

  34. SOME INSECT ORDERS(There are more than 20 orders) Grasshoppers Orthoptera Bees, Wasps Hymenoptera Butterflies Lepidoptera

  35. Insect Centipede

  36. Barnacle Lobster Water flea (Daphnia)

  37. Horseshoe Crab Spider (Tarantula) Mite

  38. Echinodermata-The Spiny Ones Sea Star (old=Starfish) Sea Cucumber Sea Anemone

  39. Phylum Echinodermata:Spiny skin • Examples: starfish, sea urchin, sea cucumber, sand dollar • Water vascular system • tube feet

  40. The Chordates Urochordata Cephalochordata Vertebra

  41. post-anal tail dorsal nerve cord notochord anus pharyngeal slits Phylum Chordata • Three Subphyla • Cephalochordata • Amphioxus (only representative) • Urochordata • Sea squirts • Vertebrata Amphioxus

  42. Cephalochordata Amphioxus

  43. Urochordata Sea squirts (Tunicate)

  44. Vertebrata Cheetah

  45. Vertebrates • Cartilaginous fish (shark, ray) • Bony fish (blue gill, salmon) • Amphibian (frog, salamander) • Reptile (snake, turtle, lizard) • Birds (ostrich, swallow) • Mammals (bear, human, duckbilled platypus)

  46. Vertebrate Evolution • Cartilage to Bone • Half of vertebrates are fish. • sharks and rays cartilaginous • Most are bony fish • Transition to Land: • Amphibians:First land vertebrates • aquatic embryos and larvae • adults need moist environments.

  47. Cartilaginous Fish Manta Ray

  48. Lobe-finned Coelacanth Ancestor of all land vertebrates

  49. Bony Fish Largemouth Bass Rainbow Trout Marlin

  50. Amphibians Salamander Frog Toad

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