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Seismic Wave Dynamics in Earth's Layers

Explore the different types of seismic waves, their speeds, arrival times, and distances traveled through the Earth’s solid and liquid layers. Learn about primary (P), secondary (S), and surface (Love/Raleigh) waves and their characteristics and behaviors.

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Seismic Wave Dynamics in Earth's Layers

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  1. P or Primary Waves: • Compression/Expansion (“Sound”) • Solid and Liquid, through the Earth (Body Wave) • S or Secondary Waves: • Transverse • Solid Only, through the Earth (Body Wave) • Surface (Love/Raleigh) Waves: • Transverse/Circular (“Ocean”) • Solid Only, Near land surface

  2. P or Primary Waves: Fastest – Arrives First S or Secondary Waves: Middle Surface (Love/Raleigh) Waves: Slowest – Arrives Last Time: 7:14 = 14 minutes after 7 oclock Difference in Arrive Times between the P and S Waves Two cars leave Rock Hill, Galleria Mall, I-77 at the same time to Charleston. One drive 60 mph (S Wave) and one drive 80 mph (P Wave) At Columbia, 60 miles, 60 minutes & 45 minutes (15 minutes Difference) At Charleston, 240 miles, 3 hours and 3.75 hours (45 minutes Difference) 7:17.4 – 7:14.2, ignore the 7:00 17.4 minutes – 14.2 minutes = ? 3.2 Minutes

  3. L Wave S Wave P Wave

  4. L Wave S Wave P Wave

  5. P-Wave: 8:07.4 11.5 – 7.4 = 4.1 minutes S-Wave: 8:11.5

  6. L Wave S Wave P Wave 4.1 minutes ~ 2,600 km

  7. Right Lateral Strike-Slip Fault Vs. Left-Lateral Strike-Slip Fault

  8. ACTIVITIES: MANUAL: 16.2: A (discuss only), B, C, D 16.3: All 16.4: A, C HANDOUT: Spring and Compression/Lateral Waves

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