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New Imperialism

New Imperialism. What is Imperialism?. Imperialism- extension of a nation’s power over other lands Imperialism after 1880 “new Imperialism” Focused on controlling lands Making the imperializing nation more powerful. Who Imperialized?. Mostly European Nations

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New Imperialism

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  1. New Imperialism

  2. What is Imperialism? • Imperialism- extension of a nation’s power over other lands • Imperialism after 1880 “new Imperialism” • Focused on controlling lands • Making the imperializing nation more powerful

  3. Who Imperialized? • Mostly European Nations • Great Britain, France, Netherlands, Germany, Portugal, Italy, Belgium, and Spain • U.S. joined later • Imperialized Cuba, Hawaii, and the Philippines

  4. Why did they Imperialize? • Control lands • Social Darwinism/Racism, believed they were better than those they conquered • Raw materials/improved economy • gold, diamonds, tin, rubber, oil, spices, tea, coffee, timber, and sugar • Spread Christianity

  5. Where did they Imperialize? • Africa- all but 2 countries • Annex- bring territory into an existing state • Asia- India and Southeast Asia • Latin America

  6. U.S. Imperialism • As the U.S. industrialized, many Americans took interest in the new imperialism • Needed new markets to keep economy strong • Many Americans believed imperialism to be a part of manifest destiny • Expansion went past the Pacific

  7. Perry Open Japans • Commodore Matthew Perry took four American warships into Tokyo Bay on July 8, 1853 • Forced Japanese to sign a treaty opening two ports for trade • Simoda and Hakodadi • Read pg. 523 Annexing Hawaii

  8. Annexing Hawaii • Hawaii was discovered by whaling ships and merchant vessels crossing the Pacific • Discovered sugar cane grew well • Sugar cane plantations were established on the island • Recession hit Hawaii hard in 1872-> U.S. stepped in and helped by exempting tariffs on sugar from Hawaii (trade treaty) • Led to building of naval base at Pearl Harbor • Led to a boom in sugar and fruit industry

  9. Annexing Hawaii • Planters forced a new constitution on the king of Hawaii • Limited his power and increased planters’ power • Angered Hawaiians feared they were losing country • In 1890, Congress passed the McKinley Tariff • Eliminated all duties on sugar-> caused Hawaiian sugar price ↑ • Hawaiian economy↓ • In 1891, Queen Liliuokalani took throne • Disliked American influence in her country • In January of 1893, tried to impose a new constitution and give all power back to her • failed

  10. Annexing Hawaii • Planters overthrew the monarchy with the help of Marines • President Cleveland refused to annex Hawaii was against Imperialism • Wanted to restore Liliuokalani • Hawaiian people refused wanted to be annexed • Pres. McKinley annexed Hawaii in 1898

  11. U.S. Builds a Modern Navy • Read pg. 524 Answer Questions below. • Discuss three international crises that almost led to war. • Why did the U.S. want to build up a Navy? • How did Alfred T. Mahan express his argument for building up a navy? • What two U.S. senators pushed for a navy? • What ideas came together leading to the eventual building up of a U.S. navy?

  12. How did they control their new lands? • Protectorates- controlled land depended on controlling country for protection • Indirect rule- colonial gov’t where local rulers were allowed to maintain positions of power (answered to ruling country) • Direct rule- colonial gov’t where local rulers were removed from power and were replaced by rulers from mother country

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