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Explore the detailed markings, lighting, and guidelines for aerodromes including runway numbering, wind indicators, and light signals. Discover how to navigate airports and their manoeuvring areas safely.
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Air Law 1.01 Aerodromes References: FTGU pages 91-98 Canadian Aviation Regulations
1.01 Aerodromes • MTPs: • Aerodromes • Aerodrome Markings • Wind Indicators • Aerodrome Lights • Runway Numbering • Light Signals • Uncontrolled Traffic Circuit
Aerodromes • Aerodrome • Any area of land, water, or other supporting surface used or designated for the arrival and departure, movement or servicing of aircraft. • Airport • Any aerodrome in respect of which a certificate is in force. An airport certificate testifies that the airport meets airport certification safety standards • Manoeuvring Area • Area intended for take off and landing and associated movement. Does not include the apron.
Aerodrome Markings • Centreline • Threshold • Displaced Threshold (permanent) • Runway numbering • 1000’ markers • 500’ markers • Taxiway lines
Aerodrome Markings • Displaced threshold types • Permanent • Temporary
Aerodrome Markings • Hold Short Markings
Aerodrome Markings Closed runway / taxiway • Aerodrome Operator shall: • Remove all markers when aerodrome closed permanently. • Install red flags or red cones along the boundary of an unserviceable movement area. • If all or part of a taxiway is closed the operator shall place white or yellow X’s at each end of the closed dimensions.
Aerodrome Markings • Maneuvering Areas: • If closed permanently operator must obliterate all markings that indicate the area open and paint the required markings.
Wind Indicators • If wind direction cannot be reported via radio the operator shall install a wind direction indicator
Wind Indicators • Wind Indicators: • Wind sock- wind blows in big end and out small end • 15kts or more = horizontal • 6kts hangs 30 degrees below horizon • fluttering = gusty • Either one at each end of the runway or one in the centre
Confirmation • Name the following runway symbols 1 2 3 4
Aerodrome Lighting • Lights - no more than 200ft apart • Runway • Taxiway • Apron • Approach • End
Aerodrome Lighting Taxiway light Runway light
Aerodrome Lighting PAPI Approach Lights
Runway Numbering • Runway numbers correspond to the magnetic bearing rounded to the nearest 10 degrees, the last zero is omitted • 36=north • 09=east • 27=west • 18=south
Runway Numbering • Reciprocal runways • Ex. Runway with a heading of 230 would be numbered 23 • To figure out the other end…. • Subtract 18 or Add 18 (half of a circle) • 23-18= 5 or 23+18= 41 • Since 41 is greater than 36, minus 36 • 41 – 36 = 50 • Therefore… • if the number is greater than 180, subtract 180 • if the number is less than 180, add 180
Runway Numbering • Airports can have more than 1 runway going the same direction • Runways in those cases are given names of Left (L), Right (R) or Centre (C)
Light Signals • If you have a radio failure while flying, you still may be able to land at a controlled airport.
Light Signals Red pyrotechnics: Do not land, wait for permission
Confirmation 1. What colour are taxiway lights? 2. What is the definition of an airport? 3. How far apart can airport lights be? 4. Define manoeuvring area. 5. In which direction is the downwind leg flown for runway 23?
