Unit 3 Colonial America

1. Unit 3 Colonial America Why do people settle new areas? Colonial America

2. Lessons Lesson 1 New England Lesson 2 The Middle Colonies Lesson 3 The Southern Colonies Lesson 4 Colonial Life Lesson 5 Slavery in the Colonies Lesson 6 Colonial Economies Lesson 7 Colonial Governments

3. How did differences shape New England? New England Colonies Lesson 1 Vocabulary covenant common tolerate fundamental slavery

4. New England MC 5 Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire What was daily life like? They had villages that included jobs for milling, inn keeping, blacksmithing, and barrel-making. What were some of their ideas? 1.) have a town common 2.) establish a meeting house to make decisions 3.) SAcreate schools so all children could read the Bible What made their economy strong? These colonies had a strong coastal fishing industry along with a lot of timber used to make houses and ships.

5. New England MC 1 The Puritans were better prepared than the Pilgrims because they brought more supplies and animals. MC 2 John Winthrop wrote about building “a city upon a hill” that would show how God wanted people to live. MC 3 If people disagreed with the Puritans, they left and started their own colony.

6. New England FILL covenant – an agreement FILL common – the center of a village where people “hung out” FILL tolerate – to allow people to have beliefs or behaviors that are different for everyone FILL fundamental – basic FILL slavery – the practice of owning people and forcing them to work MC 4 When the English came over in the 1600s, they started seizing the land of the Wampanoag. This led to the start of King Philip’s War.

7. What factors influenced the development of the Middle Colonies? The Middle Colonies Lesson 2 Vocabulary patroon proprietor

8. The Middle Colonies MC 9 Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, Delaware What were the MC known as? Why? They were known as the “breadbasket” of the colonies because they produced so much wheat. What was daily life like? The MC had farms that included jobs for producing corn, wheat, and oats along with jobs on coastal towns known for fur-trading, timber and fishing.

9. The Middle Colonies MC 6 New Amsterdam = Manhattan MC 7 New York and New Jersey had very strong economies because they traded with each other. MC 8 Philadelphia = “brotherly love”

10. How did the Southern Colonies differ from other settlements? The Southern Colonies Lesson 3 Vocabulary plantation indigo debtor

11. The Southern Colonies MC 13 Maryland, Carolinas, Georgia, Virginia What was daily life like? They had large plantations and small farms that included jobs for working in the fields, carpentry, blacksmithing, laundry, and flour mills. What made their economy strong? What were some of their ideas? These colonies had rich soil which produced valuable cash crops such as indigo, rice, and tobacco. 1.) peacefully separate Catholics and Protestants 2.) need more settlers/slaves to grow cash crops

12. The Southern Colonies Why was the colony of Maryland founded? MC 11 Maryland was founded to provide a religious haven for Catholics and Protestants. Why was Georgia settled? SA Georgia was settled to protect colonists from Spain in the south and the French in the west. MC 12 In Georgia Mary Musgrove helped the Creek and the colonists get along by being a translator between the two groups.

13. The Southern Colonies MC 10 In Georgia James Oglethorpe wanted to send debtors to the colonies to work so slavery would not be necessary. FILL debtors – a person who owes money but cannot repay it FILL plantation – a large farm that grows one crop as a cash crop FILL indigo – a plant used to make blue dye

14. How did economic needs affect life in the colonies? Colonial Life Lesson 4 Vocabulary slave trade apprentice growth rate Great Awakening backcountry

15. Colonial Life MC 15 Indentured servants had their passage to the colonies paid for in exchange for 5-7 years of work. • SA Why did people come to America? • fled wars or food shortages • the promise of cheap land • economic opportunity • religious freedom • enslaved and forced to work FILL slave trade = the business of buying and selling people

16. Colonial Life FILL An apprentice was a young person who learned a trade or craft by working with a skilled adult. • MC 14 How did Benjamin Franklin help Philadelphia grow? • started the University of Pennsylvania • established the first fire department • established the first public library • improved the city’s police department and postal system.

17. Colonial Life FILL The Great Awakening was a period in the 1700s in which interest in religion grew. FILL The backcountry is the land between the Appalachian Mountains and the Atlantic Coastal Plain. MC 16 People settled in the backcountry because land was cheaper than on the Atlantic Coastal Plain.

18. Why did slavery develop in the English Colonies? Slavery in the Colonies Lesson 5 Vocabulary slave codes spiritual

19. Slavery in the Colonies MC 17 In 1641 Massachusetts became the first colony to make slavery legal. Because the demand for enslaved workers kept growing, the colonists changed the laws saying any captive African could be enslaved; including Christians.

20. Slavery in the Colonies Slaves in the North Slaves in the South Northern colonies built slave ships. Southern cash crops were labor-intensive. Slaves did labor on small farms. MC 18 Enslaved workers lived on plantations because these farms needed a lot of workers. Enslaved workers were used in construction. SA There were many people who resisted slavery. They would do this by slowing down their work, breaking tools, and escaping. MC 19 Because of harsh treatments, there were many slave revolts. The main goal of these revolts was to gain freedom.

21. What influenced the development of colonial economies? Colonial Economies Lesson 6 Vocabulary triangular trade Middle Passage industry

22. Colonial Economies SA What was brought from the west coast of Africa to the West Indies and then to Charleston? FILL triangular trade – a shipping route between Africa, the West Indies, and England/North America FILL Middle Passage – the part of the TT route between Africa and the West Indies, where African captives were taken to the West Indies

23. Colonial Economies What were the most important exports of New England, the Middle Colonies, and the Southern Colonies? NE – lumber, ships, fish MC – wheat, cheese, crafts SC – tobacco, rice, indigo Why did each region have a different economy? Climate and natural resources SA In the colonies England wanted the colonists to buy goods like hats, nails, and horseshoes SO they made it illegal to make these goods themselves. MC 20 Colonists thought these trade laws were very unfair. FILL industry = all the businesses that make one kind of product or provide one kind of service

24. How did values shape colonial governments? Colonial Governments Lesson 7 Vocabulary assembly legislation

25. Colonial Governments An assembly was a group of people who made the laws. MC 23In colonial governments, only white men who owned land could vote. SA The governor represented the interests ofEngland. The assembly represented the interests of thecolonists. MC 21 “freedom of the press” = the right to speak or print the truth MC 22 Phillis Wheatleywas a famous African-American poet who wrote about the natural rights for Africans and urged colonists to fight for freedom.

26. Review Match the person with his ideas. Government should be tolerant of people with different religious views. There should be separation of church and state. Roger Williams Wrote The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut. Thomas Hooker William Penn Believed in the right to free worship and the right to a trial by jury. All people have natural rights such as life, freedom, and the right to own property. John Locke Believed in freedom of the press. John Zenger John Locke John Zenger Roger Williams Thomas Hooker William Penn

27. Maps Click on a map to enlarge the view.