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Week 3 The Law & the Prophets

Week 3 The Law & the Prophets. Introduction to the Bible Instructor: Bill Covert. Questions from the reading? Turn in reading assignments. What is the Bible?. The Story of God’s Loving Pursuit of Rebels in Jesus Christ. The Law and the Prophets. Turn to Romans 3:21

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Week 3 The Law & the Prophets

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  1. Week 3 The Law & the Prophets Introduction to the Bible Instructor: Bill Covert

  2. Questions from the reading? • Turn in reading assignments.

  3. What is the Bible? The Story of God’s Loving Pursuit of Rebels in Jesus Christ

  4. The Law and the Prophets • Turn to Romans 3:21 • But now a righteousness from God, apart from law, has been made known, to which the Law and the Prophets testify. (NIV) • testimony that prepares you for the gospel

  5. The Law and the Prophets • Luke 24:27 Then beginning with Moses and with all the prophets, [Jesus] explained to them the things concerning Himself in all the Scriptures. • Just as we saw Jesus in OT narratives, we will see Him in the Law and in the Prophets

  6. The Law

  7. The Law • God gave Moses over 600 laws, including the 10 commandments, for the Jewish people to obey. • Timeline: Just before the Wilderness Wanderings

  8. The Law Jesus’ 2nd Coming Jesus’ 1st Coming Promise to Abraham Promise to David Exodus from Egypt

  9. The Law • Bible books: Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy, (the first 5 books of the OT together are often called “The Law”)

  10. Bible Books

  11. The Law • Both in the Old Testament Law and in our lives today, salvation is offered as a gift through the means that God prescribes. Obedience to God’s commands has never been a means of personal salvation.

  12. The Law • Both in the Old Testament Law and in our lives today, salvation is offered as a gift through the means that God prescribes. Obedience to God’s commands has never been a means of personal salvation. People have always been saved by putting their faith in God and his provision for forgiveness.

  13. The Law • The Law is a “contract” between God and Israel: • “The Mosaic Covenant” • a renter’s lease

  14. The Law • “The Mosaic Covenant” • Protection & blessing: "If you fully obey the LORD your God by keeping all the commands I am giving you today, the LORD your God will exalt you above all the nations of the world. You will experience all these blessings if you obey the LORD your God…” – Deuteronomy 28:1,2

  15. The Law • “The Mosaic Covenant” • Protection & blessing: "If you fully obey the LORD your God by keeping all the commands I am giving you today, the LORD your God will exalt you above all the nations of the world. You will experience all these blessings if you obey the LORD your God…” – Deuteronomy 28:1,2 • “But if you refuse to listen to the LORD your God and do not obey all the commands and laws I am giving you today, all these curses will come and overwhelm you…” – Deuteronomy 28:15

  16. The Law • The Law is a “teacher” for individuals today [PREPARES THE WAY FOR THE GOSPEL OF CHRIST (needle and thread)] • 1. The Law reveals God’s character: God is holy(Lev. 19:2, Exodus 33:20)

  17. The Law • The Law is a “teacher” for individuals today [PREPARES THE WAY FOR THE GOSPEL OF CHRIST (needle and thread)] • 1. The Law reveals God’s character: God is holy(Lev. 19:2, Exodus 33:20) • 2. The Law reveals the human condition before God: humans are sinful (Isaiah 59:1-2; Jer. 17:9) “Me? How so?” The problem of self-justification

  18. The Law • The context of the law: Exodus 19:4-6 • The Law follows redemption. • The Law sets Israel apart

  19. The Law • The content of the law: Exodus 20:1-17 • Read Exodus 20:1-6 Idolatry is the sin behind every sin (Romans 1:25) • Read Exodus 20:7-16 The law is relational (20:12-16) • Read Exodus 20:17 The law is deep and internal (20:17)

  20. The Law • The heart of the law: sincere& committed love • Deut. 6:5 “You shall love the LORD your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might.” •  Leviticus 19:18 love your neighbor as yourself. I am the LORD.

  21. The Law • Jesus sometimes “wounded” people with the law…( Read Luke 18:18-23) • Why do you think Jesus didn’t just tell the guy he could be saved by grace?

  22. The Law • 3. The Law reveals God’s solution: The Old Testament Sacrificial System • Atonement: a covering for sin. “…bring a bull with no physical defects to the entrance of the Tabernacle so it will be accepted by the LORD. Lay your hand on its head so the LORD will accept it as your substitute, thus making atonement for you.” – Leviticus 1:3,4; and chapter 16

  23. Read Hebrews 9:1-5 The Tabernacle

  24. Heb. 9: 2 There were two rooms in that Tabernacle. In the first room were a lampstand, a table, and sacred loaves of bread on the table. This room was called the Holy Place. 3 Then there was a curtain [veil], and behind the curtain was the second room called the Most Holy Place. The Tabernacle VEIL

  25. The Tabernacle “The Ark”

  26. “The Ark” The Tabernacle Heb. 9:4 …a wooden chest called the Ark of the Covenant, which was covered with gold on all sides. Inside the Ark were:

  27. “The Ark” The Tabernacle Heb. 9:4 …a wooden chest called the Ark of the Covenant, which was covered with gold on all sides. Inside the Ark were: a gold jar containing manna, Aaron’s staff that sprouted leaves, and the stone tablets of the covenant. All the items testify of one thing: Rejection of God’s provision

  28. “The Ark” The Tabernacle Heb. 9:4 …a wooden chest called the Ark of the Covenant, which was covered with gold on all sides. Inside the Ark were: a gold jar containing manna, Aaron’s staff that sprouted leaves, and the stone tablets of the covenant. 5 Above the Ark were: the cherubim of divine glory, whose wings stretched out over the Ark’s cover, the place of atonement. The Lid: “The Mercy Seat”

  29. Jesus and the Tabernacle: • Heb. 9:11,12 Jesus’ once and for all offering • The sacrificial system that the Law prescribed reminded them of their need for a sacrifice: • Heb. 10:1-4 sacrifices ineffective • The benefits for you from Jesus: • Heb. 10:19-23 confident access to God because of Jesus

  30. Old Testament: Poetry and Wisdom • Bible books: Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes and Song of Solomon • Timeline: Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes and Song of Solomon were mainly written during the life of David and Solomon. Some Psalms were written as late as the 5th century BC (after the Babylonian exile). The story of Job takes place during the time of the Patriarchs (Abraham, Isaac, Jacob).

  31. The ProphetsJesus is in the law. Now we will see Jesus in the Prophets.

  32. Old Testament: Prophets • Bible books: Isaiah to Malachi

  33. Old Testament: Prophets • Bible books: Isaiah to Malachi • Major (longer) prophets: Isaiah, Ezekiel, Jeremiah, Daniel

  34. Old Testament: Prophets • Bible books: Isaiah to Malachi • Major (longer) prophets: Isaiah, Ezekiel, Jeremiah, Daniel • Minor (shorter – not less important!) prophets: Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi • Timeline: Divided kingdom – Return from exile (760-460 BC)

  35. The Law Jesus’ 2nd Coming Prophets Jesus’ 1st Coming Promise to Abraham Promise to David Exodus from Egypt

  36. Old Testament: Prophets • What is a prophet? God’s spokesperson • As a foreteller, a prophet speaks a message about what God will do in the future. • Isaiah 46:9,10 “And do not forget the things I have done throughout history. For I am God—I alone! I am God, and there is no one else like me. Only I can tell you what is going to happen even before it happens. Everything I plan will come to pass, for I do whatever I wish.”

  37. Old Testament: Prophets • The prophets also reaffirmed God’s promises to ______________and __________. • Daniel 2:44 And in the days of those kings the God of heaven will set up a kingdom that shall never be destroyed, nor shall the kingdom be left to another people. It shall break in pieces all these kingdoms and bring them to an end, and it shall stand forever… Abraham David

  38. Old Testament: Prophets • The prophets also reaffirmed God’s promises to ______________and __________. • Daniel 7:14 "I saw in the night visions, …one like a Son of man… And to him was given dominion and glory and a kingdom, that all peoples, nations, and languages should serve him; his dominion is an everlasting dominion… and his kingdom shall not be destroyed. Abraham David

  39. Old Testament: Prophets • As a truth teller, a prophet speaks forth a message for the present time. • Examples of those who challenged power: Elijah (Ahab) and Nathan (David)

  40. The Problem of Idolatry • What is Idolatry? • “when a good thing becomes a God-thing”

  41. The Problem of Idolatry • Jeremiah 2:4,5 Idolatry often begins with disappointment. • Jeremiah 2:11-13 • Idolatry leaves you empty. • Jeremiah 6:13-14 • Idols keep you in denial

  42. The Problem of Idolatry • Ezekiel 16:15-22 • Idolatry is using God’s gifts to get away from Him • Hosea 6:4-6 • Idolatry can hide behind religious activity.

  43. The Problem of Materialism and Social Injustice • Isaiah 1:16-17 The evil of doing nothing • Isaiah 2:6-9 • Seeking control through the idol of material wealth

  44. Old Testament: Prophets • The Prophets looked ahead to the “NewCovenant” brought by Jesus • Jeremiah 31:31-33 "Behold, the days are coming, declares the LORD, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and the house of Judah, 32not like the covenant that I made with their fathers… my covenant that they broke, though I was their husband, declares the Lord. 33 But this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, declares the Lord: I will put my law within them, and I will write it on their hearts... For I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more.” • The law will be internalized

  45. Old Testament: Prophets • The Prophets looked ahead to the “NewCovenant” brought by Jesus Ezekiel 36:25-27 I will sprinkle clean water on you, and you shall be clean from all your uncleannesses, and from all your idols I will cleanse you. 26And I will give you a new heart, and a new spirit I will put within you. And I will remove the heart of stone from your flesh and give you a heart of flesh. 27 And I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes…” A New Nature is given

  46. Sample prophecies from the book of Isaiah (740 – 680 B.C.) • The book of Isaiah has two major sections: • The Book of JUDGMENT (chapter 1-39) • The Book of COMFORT (chapters 40-66) • Isaiah 1:1-4; 11-21; 2:7,8

  47. 1The vision of Isaiah the son of Amoz, which he saw concerning Judah and Jerusalem in the days of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah. 2 Hear, O heavens, and give ear, O earth;   for the LORD has spoken:"Children have I reared and brought up,   but they have rebelled against me.3The ox knows its owner,   and the donkey its master’s crib,but Israel does not know,   my people do not understand." 4Ah, sinful nation,   a people laden with iniquity,offspring of evildoers,   children who deal corruptly!They have forsaken the LORD,   they have despised the Holy One of Israel,   they are utterly estranged. Sample prophecies from the book of Isaiah (740 – 680 B.C.) • The book of Isaiah has two major sections: • The Book of JUDGMENT (chapter 1-39) • The Book of COMFORT (chapters 40-66) • Isaiah 1:1-4; 11-20; 2:7,8

  48. 11"What to me is the multitude of your sacrifices?   says the LORD;I have had enough of burnt offerings of rams   and the fat of well-fed beasts;I do not delight in the blood of bulls,   or of lambs, or of goats. 12"When you come to appear before me,   who has required of you   this trampling of my courts?13Bring no more vain offerings;   incense is an abomination to me.New moon and Sabbath and the calling of convocations—   I cannot endure iniquity and solemn assembly.14Your new moons and your appointed feasts   my soul hates;they have become a burden to me;   I am weary of bearing them.15When you spread out your hands,   I will hide my eyes from you;even though you make many prayers,   I will not listen;  your hands are full of blood. Sample prophecies from the book of Isaiah (740 – 680 B.C.) • The book of Isaiah has two major sections: • The Book of JUDGMENT (chapter 1-39) • The Book of COMFORT (chapters 40-66) • Isaiah 1:1-4; 11-21; 2:7,8

  49. 16 Wash yourselves; make yourselves clean;   remove the evil of your deeds from before my eyes;cease to do evil,17learn to do good;seek justice,   correct oppression;bring justice to the fatherless,   plead the widow’s cause. 18"Come now, let us reason together, says the LORD: though your sins are like scarlet,   they shall be as white as snow;though they are red like crimson,   they shall become like wool.19 If you are willing and obedient,   you shall eat the good of the land;20but if you refuse and rebel,   you shall be eaten by the sword;    for the mouth of the LORD has spoken." 21How the faithful city    has become a whore,    she who was full of justice! Sample prophecies from the book of Isaiah (740 – 680 B.C.) • The book of Isaiah has two major sections: • The Book of JUDGMENT (chapter 1-39) • The Book of COMFORT (chapters 40-66) • Isaiah 1:1-4; 11-21; 2:7,8

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