Progressivism and the Republican Roosevelt, 1901–1912

1. Chapter 28 Progressivism and the Republican Roosevelt, 1901–1912

2. Question The social gospel was • a reform movement led by Protestant ministers who used religious doctrine to demand better housing and living conditions for urban poor. • closely linked to the settlement house movement, which brought middle-class, Anglo-American service volunteers into contact with immigrants and working people. • heavily supported by the Catholic Church, which had a long-standing tradition of associating with liberal Protestantism. • part of a greater societal reform-minded trend of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

3. Answer The social gospel was • a reform movement led by Protestant ministers who used religious doctrine to demand better housing and living conditions for urban poor. (correct) • closely linked to the settlement house movement, which brought middle-class, Anglo-American service volunteers into contact with immigrants and working people. • heavily supported by the Catholic Church, which had a long-standing tradition of associating with liberal Protestantism. • part of a greater societal reform-minded trend of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Hint: See page 703.

4. Question All of the following were true of the Muckrakers EXCEPT • beginning about 1902, the exposing of evil became a flourishing industry among American publishers. • a group of aggressive ten-and fifteen-cent popular magazines surged to the front. • waging fierce circulation wars, magazines dug deep for the dirt that the public loved to hate. • President Roosevelt branded the magazines “muckrakers” in 1906 because he was impressed by their exemplary zeal.

5. Answer All of the following were true of the Muckrakers EXCEPT • beginning about 1902, the exposing of evil became a flourishing industry among American publishers. • a group of aggressive ten-and fifteen-cent popular magazines surged to the front. • waging fierce circulation wars, magazines dug deep for the dirt that the public loved to hate. • President Roosevelt branded the magazines “muckrakers” in 1906 because he was impressed by their exemplary zeal. (correct) Hint: See page 704.

6. Question All of the following were Populist reforms adopted by the Progressives EXCEPT • referendum. • initiative. • recall. • inversion.

7. Answer All of the following were Populist reforms adopted by the Progressives EXCEPT • referendum. • initiative. • recall. • inversion. (correct) Hint: See page 708.

8. Question The Australian Ballot was considered a major Progressive reform because it was • transparent. • secret. • regressive. • avante garde.

9. Answer The Australian Ballot was considered a major Progressive reform because it was • transparent. • secret. (correct) • regressive. • avante garde. Hint: See page 709.

10. Question All of the following were true of Muller v. Oregon EXCEPT • a supervisor in Muller’s Laundry asked an employee to remain after hours to do an extra load of laundry. • the request to a Muller’s Laundry employee to stay after hours violated Oregon’s law prohibiting women from working more than ten hours per day. • the employee who was asked to stay after hours later complained to the authorities, and Muller was fined $10. • the Court struck down the constitutionality of the Oregon statute, and Muller never had to cough up his fine.

11. Answer All of the following were true of Muller v. Oregon EXCEPT • a supervisor in Muller’s Laundry asked an employee to remain after hours to do an extra load of laundry. • the request to a Muller’s Laundry employee to stay after hours violated Oregon’s law prohibiting women from working more than ten hours per day. • the employee who was asked to stay after hours later complained to the authorities, and Muller was fined $10. • the Court struck down the constitutionality of the Oregon statute, and Muller never had to cough up his fine. (correct) Hint: See page 713.

12. Question In Lochner v. New York, the Supreme Court • invalidated a New York law outlawing unions in the hat industry. • upheld the constitutionality of a New York statute, which established special protections for women. • invalidated a New York law establishing a ten-hour day for bakers. • upheld the constitutionality of a New York statute, which established special protections for children.

13. Answer In Lochner v. New York, the Supreme Court • invalidated a New York law outlawing unions in the hat industry. • upheld the constitutionality of a New York statute, which established special protections for women. • invalidated a New York law establishing a ten-hour day for bakers. (correct) • upheld the constitutionality of a New York statute, which established special protections for children. Hint: See page 711.

14. Question All of the following were true of the Women’s Christian Temperance Union EXCEPT • it was a feisty women’s organization that led the crusade against liquor during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. • it never worked in concert with the mostly male-led Anti-Saloon League. • both the Women’s Christian Temperance Union and the Anti-Saloon League perfected the techniques of single-issue, pressure-group politics. • it was the largest organization of women in the world.

15. Answer All of the following were true of the Women’s Christian Temperance Union EXCEPT • it was a feisty women’s organization that led the crusade against liquor during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. • it never worked in concert with the mostly male-led Anti-Saloon League. (correct) • both the Women’s Christian Temperance Union and the Anti-Saloon League perfected the techniques of single-issue, pressure-group politics. • it was the largest organization of women in the world. Hint: See page 712.

16. Question The Elkins Act regulated the __________ industry. • meat packing • banks • railroad • sugar

17. Answer The Elkins Act regulated the __________ industry. • meat packing • banks • railroad (correct) • sugar Hint: See page 714.

18. Question All of the following were true of the Meat Inspection Act EXCEPT • it decreed that the preparation of meat shipped over state lines would be subject to federal inspection. • it was designed to prevent the adulteration and mislabeling of foods and pharmaceuticals. • the largest packers accepted it as an opportunity to drive their smaller, fly-by-night competitors out of business. • they could receive the government’s seal of approval on their exports.

19. Answer All of the following were true of the Meat Inspection Act EXCEPT • it decreed that the preparation of meat shipped over state lines would be subject to federal inspection. • it was designed to prevent the adulteration and mislabeling of foods and pharmaceuticals. (correct) • the largest packers accepted it as an opportunity to drive their smaller, fly-by-night competitors out of business. • they could receive the government’s seal of approval on their exports. Hint: See pages 715–716.

20. Question The Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 was • passed over President Roosevelt’s veto. • enthusiastically supported by the patent medicine industry. • struck down by the Supreme Court. • designed to prevent the adulteration and mislabeling of foods and pharmaceuticals.

21. Answer The Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 was • passed over President Roosevelt’s veto. • enthusiastically supported by the patent medicine industry. • struck down by the Supreme Court. • designed to prevent the adulteration and mislabeling of foods and pharmaceuticals. (correct) Hint: See page 716.