The Age of Exploration

1. The Age ofExploration Chapter 3

2. European Technology In the 1400s, the Renaissance began in Europe French for �-------� An age of new ideas in science and art The Sun, not the Earth, being the center of the ga---- The existence of microscopic g---- The Earth was round, not f---

3. European Technology An age of new inventions Telescope Micro----- Metallurgy Firearms (guns and canons) One of the most important inventions of all-time: PRINTING PRESS Books were hand-written (slow) Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press The new printing press made books much fa---- and ea---- Ideas spread much faster throughout E----- One of the most popular books to be printed was The Travels of Marco Polo

5. Inventions: Printing Press

6. Inventions: Printing Press

8. European Exploration 200 years earlier, in the 1200s, Marco Polo was an Italian trader/explorer who traveled from Venice to the Middle East, India, and China He wrote about his voyage, which took -- years He told of riches, wealth, unusual goods, and amazing inv------ Gunpowder (fireworks) Compass Silk Sp----- (pepper, cloves, cinnamon, nutmeg) His tales of the mysterious land intrigued people, and inspired traders to travel to China to get Chinese goods With the Gutenberg printing press, his book was re-printed thousands of times, and the story of his jo----- reached many more people

9. Chinese Silk

10. Marco Polo

11. European Exploration The only route from Europe to China was over land Traveling over land was slow, harsh, and da------- The usual route went through the city of Constantinople In 1453, the Turks of the Ottoman Empire took over the area The Turks changed the name of Constantinople to Istanbul The route to China was suddenly closed A new route to China had to be f----

14. Ottoman Empire

15. Ottoman Empire

17. European Exploration New tools for navigating (planning and following a route) were being invented or used Compass helped them know the direction they were traveling in Sextant & Astrolabe helped them know their location based on the position of the sun and stars More accurate maps Improvements in sailing were constantly being made Larger and faster ships (the caravel) Triangular sails helped them sail into the wind Prince Henry�s School of Navigation (Portugal)

18. Inventions: Compass

19. Inventions: Compass

20. Inventions: Compass

21. Inventions: Astrolabe

22. Inventions: Astrolabe

23. Inventions: Astrolabe

24. Inventions: Sextant

25. Prince henry The Navigator

26. Portugal

27. Caravel

28. Caravel

29. Caravel

30. Caravel

31. European Exploration All of these inventions and improvements made exploration of the ocean pos----- With the land route to Asia dangerous and slow, and an ocean route possible, dozens of Portuguese ships made expeditions (trips taken with the goal of ex-------)

32. European Exploration Prince Henry believed the quickest route to Asia was to go east around Africa Bartholomieu Dias: First around the tip of Africa, the Cape of Good Hope Vasco Da Gama: First to India and back Throughout all this exploration, the Europeans had no idea the continents of North America and South America existed

34. Bartholomeu Dias

35. Vasco Da Gama

36. Vasco Da Gama

37. European Exploration Explorers had to be entrepreneurs (on-truh-pruh-nerz), which means smart businessmen. They had to: Raise money for a ship or ships Raise money to pay for the cr-- Raise money for su------ Plan and organize the v----- One Italian sailor believed Asia could be reached by going west instead of east. What was his name? He asked the King of Portugal for money for his exploration, but the King turned him down. Why?

38. Christopher Columbus

39. European Exploration He asked the King and Queen of Spain, King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, for money. Ferdinand and Isabella were devout Catholics They expelled (kicked out) all Muslims and thousands of Jews from the country, trying to make Spain 100% Catholic This time was called the Reconquista Columbus received funding from Ferdinand and Isabella by promising to bring Catholicism to Asia

40. King Ferdinand & Queen Isabella

41. King Ferdinand & Queen Isabella

43. Caribbean

44. Caribbean

45. Columbus sails West Columbus sailed west across the Atlantic in 1492 Had 3 ships: Ni�a, Pinta, Santa Maria Columbus had calculated that the trip would take 45 days The trip took -- days Landed on an is---- on October 12th, 1492 The natives called the island Guanahani He named the island San Salvador He thought he landed in the Indies in southern Asia Thinking he was in the Indies, Columbus named the natives on the island �-------� Many people still call Native Americans �-------,� which means this mistake is still around after 500 years The Tainos Indians there welcomed Columbus and his men Columbus was disappointed there were no riches, spices, or silk

46. Indies

47. Columbus

50. Columbus on San Salvador

51. Europe: Portugal

52. Guanahani/San Salvador

53. Columbus sails West Columbus collected some things and brought them back to Spain Gold items like j------ Animals from the island, like p------ Plants from the island 6 of the Tainos Indians Upon returning home, Columbus was welcomed and celebrated as a hero for finding a western route to Asia After seeing the gold, animals, plants, and Native Americans, King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella paid for another Columbus expedition They made it clear they wanted: Gold & ri---- To start settlements in the Indies Convert the Indians to the Catholic re------ In Columbus�s lifetime, he made 4 voyages to the Caribbean. When he died, he never realized that he had visited a new continent. He always thought he had made it to the Indies.