RD099 PATTERNS OF ORGANIZATION

1. RD099 PATTERNS OF ORGANIZATION

2. What are Organizational Patterns? “Many ideas become clearer when they are thought of in relation to one another.” The Master Reader We will explore a variety of organizational patterns and how they help the reader more clearly understand authors.

3. We are studying nine types of organizational patterns. • Simple Listing • Classification • Definition and Example • Description • Chronological Order • Comparison and Contrast • Cause and Effect- Problem and Solution • Mixed Patterns • Transitional Words

4. The main idea or thesis is usually a good predictor of the organization of an essay or paragraph. The key to understanding organizational patterns is identifying an author’s main idea (thesis).

5. Job Interview Job Interview Attend to appearance Attend to appearance Arrive on Time Arrive on Time Do not smoke, chew gum, or eat. Do not smoke, chew gum, or eat. Simple Listing • Questions Answered: • “What facts or details support the main idea?” • When Used: • Commonly used in all disciplines. • It answers questions about specific details. • Thesis Example: There are a number of things you should do when preparing for an interview.

6. Classification • Questions Answered: • “To what groups does the information belong?” • When Used: • Commonly used in all disciplines. • It answers questions as to groups or categories. • Thesis Example: Mammals are classified according to class, order, and species. Mammals Order Class Species

7. TERM: Gang Class: Group Distinguishing Characteristics:Not Recognized Definition and Example Definition and Example Readings answer the question: “What is it?” When Used: All Disciplines Terms are often in boldface print with the definition in the body of the text, in the margin, and in a glossary at the end of the text. Thesis Example: A gang is a group of people whose existence is not recognized or sanctioned. Map: Examples: Bloods,MS13

8. The Statue of Liberty was given to the US by France 151 ft. bronze Given by France Woman with crown. Description • Questions Answered: • “What are the characteristic of a topic?” • When Used: • Commonly used in the humanities. • It answers questions listing of characteristic/details. • Thesis Example: There are a number of things you should do when preparing for a test.

9. Chronological (Time) Order Questions Answered: “When did it happen?” “In what order did it happen?” When Used: Commonly used in history and other disciplines It answers the questions relating to time. Thesis Example: Between now and the election, the candidate will make a number of campaign stops throughout the U.S. 10/30 10/23 10/27 10/28 11/10 MAP: MD FL PA CA NY

10. Comparison and Contrast Readings answer the questions: “How are two items similar?” “How are two items different?” When Used: All Disciplines Sample Thesis: Gangs and fraternities share many characteristics, but are quite different. Fraternities Gangs Differences Unrecognized by authorities or society Similarities Group Colors Violence Good Deeds Differences Recognized by authorities and society. Map:

11. Cause and Effect • Questions Answered: • “Why did it happen?” • “What caused it to happen?” • When Used: • Commonly used in the social sciences and other disciplines. • It answers the questions relating to the reasons for events. • Thesis Example: There are a number of causes of birth defects. Poor Nutrition Pollution Birth Defects Heredity

12. Apply Maslow’s Theory PassesExams Cannot Pass Exams Problem/Solution Answer the questions: What is the nature of the problem? How might the problem be solved? When Used: All Disciplines Commonly used in the discussion of challenging issues. Writer presents significant problem and proposes possible solutions. Sample Thesis: Mark could not pass his exams but didn’t know why until he spoke with some of his friends who had studied Maslow’s Theory. Map:

13. Mixed Pattern Combination of patterns that support a thesis or main idea.

14. Generalization and Example/Simple Listing/ Classification/Description TERM Job Interview Class: Distinguishing Characteristics Do not smoke, chew gum, or eat. Attend to appearance Arrive on Time Example Cause and Effect Cause Problem Solution Apply Maslow’s Theory PassesExams Cause Cannot Pass Exams Effect Cause Organizational Pattern Maps Comparison and Contrast B A Same Different Different Definition and Example Woman with crown. 151 ft. bronze

15. Event A Time Event B Time Event C Time Time Event D Event E Time Chronological Order