Quiz 5 -- Review

1. Quiz 5 -- Review Psych 1A – Fall, 2011 Switch to Slide Show View before starting

2. Motivation Human evolution seems to have predisposed the body to: require large quantities of food when feeling emotionally disturbed or separated from others. store calories when food is abundant in order to aid survival when food is scarce. be most fertile when women have thin, muscular figures with little body fat. speed up metabolism when tasty food is easily available in order to prevent excessive weight gain.

3. Lifespan In Piaget's theory, the process of absorbing new information into existing cognitive structures is called: conservation accommodation assimilation operations

4. Emotion, Stress & Health Which of the following is one of the three best things you can do to prolong your life? Learn to regulate negative emotions Take control of what you can Eat a healthy diet. Don't try to "go it alone."

5. Lifespan One of the most common ways for parents to enforce moral standards and good behavior is ________, which includes threats, physical punishment, and depriving the child of privileges. power assertion justice-based reasoning induction the authoritative parental style

6. Lifespan Over time ________ typically decreases in relationships. passion commitment intimacy trust

7. Motivation What percent of American adults are now overweight or obese? 65 percent 25 percent 50 percent 35 percent

8. Motivation Which of the following is an example of an intrinsically motivated behavior? bringing your mother flowers on her birthday because it is expected reading a mystery book by your favorite author eating a ham sandwich because you are hungry even though you don't like ham working to earn a paycheck

9. Lifespan The sensory abilities of newborn infants: include the ability to see and hear, but not to discriminate tastes and smells include the ability to discriminate smells, tastes, and sounds almost immediately. include visual abilities that are much like that of an adult. are poor, resulting in a confused picture of the world.

10. Emotions, Stress & Health Research on social supports indicates that: older people who have cats as companions tend to visit medical clinics less often than their peers who have dogs. firefighters' heart rates and cortisol levels return to normal more quickly through the mere presence of a reassuring friend. truly loving family and friends provide social support and don't cause unhappiness, stress, and anger in the lives of their loved ones. social support comforts lonely individuals dealing with stressful circumstances, but it does not affect the individual's immune system

11. Lifespan Research supports the theory that homosexuality: is the result of an "absent father." has unknown and puzzling causes. is the result of a "smothering mother." is caused by seduction by an older adult.

12. Lifespan The study of gender over the life span has revealed that: gender differences in personality traits are greatest during the early adult years as individuals establish intimate relationships gender-typed behaviors at the age of three are positively correlated with . gender behaviors in early adulthood. women often become more achievement oriented and men often become achievement oriented and men often become more nurturantwhen they reach middle age children growing up in extremely gender-typed families usually choose gender-typed careers and relationships as adults.

13. Emotions, Stress & Health ________ refers to a genetically determined weight range for an individual that is maintained by biological mechanisms. Genetic weight Regulated weight Set point Metabolic rate

14. Emotion, Stress & Health If cortisol and other stress hormones remain high too long, they can cause all of the following EXCEPT: increased storage of fat hypertension schizophrenia immune disorders

15. Emotions, Stress & Health In order to maintain health, a person should aim for: . avoiding stressors linked to illness, such as traffic jams minimizing the wear and tear of stress on the body. maintaining an external locus on control in stressful situations achieving a stress-free life

16. Lifespan Babies recognize key vowel and consonant sounds of their native language at: 4 to 6 months 6 to 8 months 8 to 12 months 2 to 3 months

17. Lifespan Emerging adulthood, the years between the ages of 18 and 25, are considered to be a new phase of life in which: people living in non-industrialized cultures develop feelings of dissatisfaction with their countries and desire to move to more developed nations. rates of emotional distress increase greatly as people assume adult responsibilities. people feel that they are no longer adolescents but are not yet adults. crises similar to midlife crises commonly occur.

18. Lifespan The two types of insecure attachment, according to Mary Ainsworth, are: anxious attachment & withdrawn attachment hostile attachment & withdrawn attachment resistant attachment & hostile attachment avoidant attachment & anxious-ambivalent attachment

19. Lifespan The Strange Situation test developed by Mary Ainsworth was designed to measure: hyperactivity attachment styles. need for affiliation. emotional and social skills.

20. Personality An effective way to deal with negative emotions is to: write them on a piece of paper and then burn up the paper. continue to think about them until they decrease. confess them to someone else. suppress them

21. Motivation Optimists are more likely than pessimists to do all of the following EXCEPT: Deny their problems get support from friends Take care of themselves use active problem solving

22. Lifespan According to Lawrence Kohlberg, your moral stage can be determined by: the answers that you give to hypothetical moral dilemmas your moral behaviors when you think that you are unobserved. adherence to the moral values emphasized in your culture. your consistency in moral behaviors across various situations

23. Motivation Risky sexual behaviors, such as sex with many partners and a failure to use birth control, are strongly associated with which motives for sex? enhancement, self-affirmation, and coping coping, partner approval, and peer approval partner approval, enhancement, and self-affirmation self-affirmation, peer approval, and enhancement

24. Motivation The fundamental sense of being male or female, independent of whether you conform to the social rules of gender, is called: gender schema gender typing. gender identity. gender development

25. Motivation For a goal to improve motivation and performance, it should meet all of the following conditions EXCEPT: the goal is challenging the goal is an approach goal. the goal is specific the goal is performance-oriented.

26. Motivation The greatest gains in brain and nervous system development occur: between conception and the 4th week of prenatal development. between the 13th week and the 27thweek of prenatal development. between the 28thweek and the 40th week of prenatal development. between the 5th week and the 12th week of prenatalevelopment.

27. Emotions, Stress & Health Research concerning stressors shows that, in adults, exposure to constant loud noise contributes to: cardiovascular problems, irritability, fatigue, and aggressiveness. the development of anxiety disorders, especially generalized anxiety disorder. increases in maladaptive behaviors, such as smoking and alcoholism. the likelihood of becoming a "suppressor" and developing emotional inhibition.

28. Motivation For many decades, the study of motivation was dominated by a focus on: the need for affiliation. biological drives mastery goals. performance goals.

29. Motivation Which underlying motive emphasizes having sex for the emotional satisfaction of it? partner approval self-affirmation enhancement intimacy

30. Lifespan A person feels competent in acquiring skills, using tools, and learning to make things. According to Erikson's theory, she has successfully resolved the inevitable crisis that occurred when she was: an adolescent. a preschooler a young adult a school child

31. Emotions, Stress & Health When you are under stress, the brain's ________ sends messages to the endocrine glands along two major pathways. amygdala corpus callosum hypothalamus hippocampus