1550 B.C. – 1050 B.C.

1. 1550 B.C. – 1050 B.C. The New Kingdom

2. 1550 B.C. • Ahmose (Thebes) marked the beginning of the New Kingdom • Beginning of 18th dynasty • Egypt reached its height of power & glory • Cities grew large

4. The Egyptian Empire • Pharaohs began conquering lands to the east • Period of Conquest & Trade

6. The Egyptian Conquest • Sought to gain control of all possible invasion routes into the kingdom • 1st – conquered homeland of Hyksos • Thutmose III conquered lands to Syria and Palestine; south to Kush

7. Egypt became the leading military power from the Euphrates to Nubia.

8. The Egyptian Wealth • Collected tribute – money or goods collected from conquered peoples • Nubia – gold, leopard skins, precious stones, slaves • Assyria, Babylonia, & Hittites sent gifts to maintain good relations

9. The Egyptian Trade • Developed profitable trade routes (paths followed by traders) • Conquered lands had valuable resources

10. Hatshepsut • 1472-1458 B.C. • Worked to increase trade; not interested in war; built monuments and temple • Sent traders to kingdom of Punt (Red Sea), Asia Minor, & Greece • Married Thutmose II (half brother) who left throne to son, Thutmose III • Since he was young, Hattie took throne

11. Hatshepsut • Because many did not think women should rule…. • She dressed like a man and called herself king • After death – Thutmose III destroyed monuments that she built during her reign

12. Religion during the New Kingdom • Thebes became capital of Egypt • Amon had been god of Thebes • Egyptians combined Amon & Re, the sun god • Amon-Re • Temples became industrial centers and schools

13. Amenhotep IV • 1370 B.C. • Did not like priest so he closed temples of Amon-Re and fired all workers • Set up new religion

14. Amenhotep’s New Religion • Monotheistic (the worship of only one god) • Worshipped Aton • Changed his name to Akhenaton – “Spirit of Aton” • Only family and close advisors accepted this new religion • Failed to make Egypt monotheistic

15. 1360 B.C. • Tutankhamen (son-in-law of Amenhotep) became pharaoh • 9 years old • Priests forced him to return to old religion • Died at 18

16. Ramses the Great • 1200s • One of longest reigns • Last great pharaoh • Trained to be ruler and fighter • Army captain at 10

17. Ramses the Great • Fought Hittites – no winner but became allies • Tehenu invaded Delta… • Fought them off & built a series of forts to strengthen western frontier • Tehenu invaded again century later - defeated

18. Ramses the Great • After death – invaded by Sea Peoples (?) • Sea Peoples – strong warriors who crushed Hittites and destroyed cities in SW Asia • Took Egypt 50 years to push them back

19. Decline of Egypt • Priest became powerful • Priest owned 1/3 of land • Played major role in government • Pharaoh’s power declined • Soon after death of Ramses, the New Kingdom ended • Period of violence and disorder

20. 18th dynasty 1550-1295 BC • Thutmose IV • Amenhotep III • Amenhotep IV (Akhenaten) • Neferneferuaten • Tutankhamen • Ay • Horemheb • Ahmose • Amenhotep I • Thutmose I • Thutmose II • Hatshepsut • Thutmose III • Amenhotep II

21. 19th dynasty 1295 -1186 BC • Rameses I • Seti I • Rameses II • Merenptah • Amenmessu • Sety II • Saptah • Tausret

22. 20th dynasty 1186 - 1069 BC • Rameses VII • Rameses VIII • Rameses IX • Rameses X • Rameses XI • Setnakht • Rameses III • Rameses IV • Rameses V • Rameses VI