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Unit 8c- Chapter 18 (7 th Grade) Vertebrate Animals

Unit 8c- Chapter 18 (7 th Grade) Vertebrate Animals. Section 1: What is a Chordate? Bony Fish and Sharks. What is a Vertebrate Animal?. Any animal with a backbone is considered a Vertebrate There are 5 groups of vertebrates. These include Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds and Mammals.

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Unit 8c- Chapter 18 (7 th Grade) Vertebrate Animals

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  1. Unit 8c- Chapter 18 (7th Grade)Vertebrate Animals Section 1: What is a Chordate? Bony Fish and Sharks

  2. What is a Vertebrate Animal? • Any animal with a backbone is considered a Vertebrate • There are 5 groups of vertebrates. These include Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds and Mammals. • Vertebrates have an internal system of bones called an endoskeleton.

  3. Body Temperature • If your body temperature changes with the environment around you, you are cold-blooded or anEctotherm. • If your body temperature does not change with the environment and stays constant, you are warm blooded or Endothermic. • Ecto- outside • Endo- inside

  4. Note Check! • Compare and contrast Endothermic and Ectothermic. • How is a vertebrate different from an invertebrate?

  5. FISH • This is the largest group of vertebrates. • Gills allow fish to breathe underwater, they exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide. • Most fish have pairs of fins that allow them to swim in the water. These help to steer. Their tails or Caudal Fins propel the fish forward. • Scales cover the body of a fish and overlap.

  6. The Body of a Fish

  7. NOTE CHECK! • How does a fish move in the water? • What part of a fish’s body allows it to breathe underwater?

  8. Types of Fish • Bony Fish make up 95% of all fish • These have skeletons made of bone and a swim bladder to help them go up and down in the water. • These fish use external fertilization to reproduce. The fish release sperm and egg into the water and when they combine they get fertilized eggs.

  9. Bony Fish

  10. Cartilaginous Fish • Sharks, Skates, and Rays do not have bones! Their skeletons are made of cartilage. • These animals has special scales that are like teeth called Dermaldenticles. This makes them rough like sandpaper. • These fish are often predators with many rows of teeth. They don’t have swim bladders like other fish.

  11. Examples of Cartilaginous Fish

  12. Jawless Fish • Very few species of fish are jawless. • These fish are long, thin and tube-like with a round mouth. In the mouth of these animals are sharp teeth and tongue. • These animals are parasites that feed on the blood of other animals. • An example is a Lamprey.

  13. Jawless Fish Feeding

  14. THINK CRITICALLY • In one lake, millions of fish eggs are laid and fertilized each year. Why doesn’t the lake become over run with fish? • Sharks don’t have a swim bladder and must keep swimming unless they sink. Predict about the amount of food a shark must eat compared to a bony fish of about the same size.

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