Blueprint Reading for the Machine Trades, Sixth Edition Unit 1:Dictionary of Terms

1. Blueprint Reading for the Machine Trades, Sixth Edition Unit 1:Dictionary of Terms Russ Schultz and Larry Smith PowerPoint presentation created by LaVonne Vichlach

2. Dictionary of Terms Abrasive A material used to cut other materials softer than itself.

3. Dictionary of Terms Allowance • Minimum clearance • Or maximum interference • Occurs between two mating parts-e.g.. a shaft and a hole

4. Dictionary of Terms Alloy • Mixture of two or more elements • One is metallic • Melt together to form new material

5. Dictionary of Terms Angular Dimension • Dimension measured using • Degrees • Minutes • Seconds

6. Dictionary of Terms Anneal • Heat treat process • Cool heated material slowly • Removes stresses • Reduces hardness

7. Dictionary of Terms Arbor • Shaft that cutting tool is mounted on • Spindle that holds a workpiece

8. Dictionary of Terms Assembly Drawing • Drawing that shows relationship of components that fit together

9. Dictionary of Terms Auxiliary View • Orthographic view projected angularly • Shows features appearing on inclined surfaces • Shows features appearing on oblique surfaces

10. Dictionary of Terms Axis • Central line about which parts are arranged • Elements may or may not revolve around it

11. Dictionary of Terms Baseline dimensioning • System of dimensioning used to locate features of a part-e.g. holes • Uses a common set of datums

12. Dictionary of Terms Basic dimension • Exact value of a feature-no tolerance is used • Describes the following: • Size • Location

13. Dictionary of Terms Basic size • Exact theoretical size • Limits of size are derived from them by • Application of allowances • Application of tolerances

14. Dictionary of Terms Bevel • Flat, slanted surface between two other surfaces • Surfaces are at right angles to one another

15. Dictionary of Terms Bilateral • “Bi” means two • Indicates that two sides are used • E.g.---bilateral tolerances

16. Dictionary of Terms Blind hole • Hole that does not go through all of the material • Common in thick parts

17. Dictionary of Terms Bolt circle • Circular centerline • Two or more hole centers are located on it

18. Dictionary of Terms Bore • Process to enlarge a hole to an accurate size • Held to close tolerances • Usually specified with limit dimensions

19. Dictionary of Terms Boss • Raised cylindrical projection-always circular • Provides extra metal around a hole in casting or forging • Similar to a pad-pad may be any other shape-function is same-provide more material

20. Dictionary of Terms Broach • Process to produce desired shape in cylindrical hole • Keyway • Hex shape

21. Dictionary of Terms Broach • Broaching tool • Series of teeth • Gradually increasing in size • Cutting is done as tool is pushed or pulled through hole

22. Dictionary of Terms Burnish • Finish or polish metal • Roll or slide a tool over the surface under pressure

23. Dictionary of Terms Burr • Jagged edge of metal produced by working the metal • Common note of blueprints is to “remove all burrs”

24. Dictionary of Terms Bushing • Replaceable insert • Provide metal with better wearing quality

25. Dictionary of Terms CAD drawing • Drawing created by computer-aided drafting methods • Electronically stored, revised and retrieved

26. Dictionary of Terms Cam • Mechanical device used to change rotary motion to some other motion • Reciprocating or sliding

27. Dictionary of Terms Carburize (CARB.) • Heat low-carbon steel to temperature below its melting point • Heated in carbonaceous solids, liquids, or gases to raise level of carbon on outside surfaces • Cooled slowly

28. Dictionary of Terms Case hardening • Hardening of ferrous alloy • Surface layer is harder than the interior core

29. Dictionary of Terms Casting • Metal object-e.g.-cast iron, cast aluminum • Pour molten metal into a mold

30. Dictionary of Terms Chain dimensioning • Successive dimensions extend from one feature to another • Each dimension does not have to originate from a datum • Tolerances accumulate with a chain dimension

31. Dictionary of Terms Chamfer • Corner removed from end of cylindrical surface • At an angle to face • Used to facilitate assembly

32. Dictionary of Terms Clearance hole • Hole slightly larger than bolt or fastener • Bolt or fastener passes through it freely • Permits easy assembly

33. Dictionary of Terms Coaxiality • Exists when two or more cylindrical features have a common axis • Two diameters on a shaft • Bore in a round part

34. Dictionary of Terms Collar • Projecting ring around a shaft • Can be used to locate components on an arbor

35. Dictionary of Terms Concentricity • Condition where median points of a feature’s diametrically opposed elements are located within a cylindrical zone • Cylindrical zone is equally centered about a datum axis

36. Dictionary of Terms Core • Part of a mold • Shapes the interior of a casting • Sand is major component

37. Dictionary of Terms Counterbore • Process to enlarge a hole cylindrically at the end • Drawing specification includes: • Diameter • Depth of enlarged section

38. Dictionary of Terms Countersink • Process to enlarge a hole conically at end • Accept a flathead fastener • Drawing specifications will include its diameter and included angle

39. Dictionary of Terms Datum • Location of other features is established using them • A datum can be: • A point • A line • A surface • A plane

40. Dictionary of Terms Degree • Unit of angular measurement • 360 degrees in a full circle

41. Dictionary of Terms Detail drawing • Drawing of a single object completely dimensioned • All information necessary to produce part is on print

42. Dictionary of Terms Die (multiple definitions) • Tool used to cut external threads • Tool used to: • Shape metal • Mold metal • Stamp metal • Cut metal

43. Dictionary of Terms Die castings • Metal object produced by injecting material into metal dies • Material injected into mold under pressure

44. Dictionary of Terms Draft • Angle provide on pattern or mold • Enables easy removal of finished cast or molded part from tooling

45. Dictionary of Terms Eccentric • Term means off center • Eccentric diameters do not share a common axis

46. Dictionary of Terms Extrusion • Part produced can be a metal object • Process forces hot metal through dies of desired shape

47. Dictionary of Terms Face • Lathe term-machine flat surface perpendicular to the axis of part • E.g.-the end of a shaft

48. Dictionary of Terms Fastener • Connector used to secure two or more parts together • Fastener examples: • Bolts • Nuts • Screws • Rivets

49. Dictionary of Terms Ferrous • Metals containing iron as their base • E.g.—steel, cast iron

50. Dictionary of Terms Fillet • Concave surface (interior radius) • At intersection of two surfaces of an object