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Warm-Up 8/31

Warm-Up 8/31. Pick up a Lab Safety Contract Contracts and Consumables Due Sep. 6 th ! UIL Science. Pre-AP Review. About Science. Chapter 1. About Science. Units. Linear Motion. Chapter 2. Linear Motion. Displacement vs. Distance Velocity v = x t Acceleration a = Δ v

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Warm-Up 8/31

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  1. Warm-Up 8/31 • Pick up a Lab Safety Contract • Contracts and Consumables Due Sep. 6th! • UIL Science

  2. Pre-AP Review

  3. About Science Chapter 1

  4. About Science • Units

  5. Linear Motion Chapter 2

  6. Linear Motion • Displacement vs. Distance • Velocity • v = x t • Acceleration • a = Δv t

  7. Projectile Motion Chapter 3

  8. Projectile Motion • Vectors • Magnitude • Direction • Scalars • Magnitude

  9. Projectile Motion vf = vi + at vf2 = vi2 + 2ax x = vit + ½ at2 • Use GUESS • List what you know • Pick your equation • Remember “Important Points”

  10. Projectile Motion • Important Points • Horizontal and vertical components • Independent • Vertical component • Time • Horizontal component • Distance travelled • Ball thrown vertically, velocity at the apex of its trajectory? • 0 m/s

  11. Projectile Motion • Vector Addition • Pythagorean Theorem • Resultant vector • SOH CAH TOA

  12. Newton’s Laws Chapter 4, 5, 6

  13. Newton’s Laws • 1st Law • A body at rest tends to stay at rest, a body in motion tends to stay in motion unless a force is applied. • 2nd Law • F = ma • 3rd Law • For every action there is an equal but opposite reaction. • Action-Reaction Pairs

  14. Newton’s Laws • 1st Law • A body at rest tends to stay at rest, a body in motion tends to stay in motion. • Except when there are external forces • Inertia • The tendency of the 1st Law

  15. Newton’s Laws • Newton’s 2nd Law • F = ma • Involved in all Newton’s Calculations

  16. Newton’s Laws • Newton’s 3rd Law • For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction • Action-Reaction Pairs • You push on the table • The table pushes back on you • Baseball bat hits the ball • The ball hits back

  17. Newton’s Laws • Net Force • Overall Force on an object • 0 net force • All forces balanced • Mechanical Equilibrium • 0 acceleration

  18. Momentum Chapter 7

  19. Momentum • Momentum • ρ = mv • Impulse • J = Δρ • Δρ = ρf – ρi • Δρ = mvf- mvi • J = Ft

  20. Momentum • Conservation of Momentum • Momentum before = momentum after • Different equations for different situations

  21. Momentum • Conservation of Momentum Equations

  22. Momentum • Collisions • Elastic • Momentum is conserved • Inelastic • Momentum is lost • How? • Sound • Heat • Damage • etc.

  23. Mechanical Energy

  24. Mechanical Energy • Work and Power • Work • W = F x • Power • P = W t

  25. Mechanical Energy • Mechanical Energy • ME = KE + PE • Potential Energy • PE = -mgh • Kinetic Energy • KE = ½ mv2

  26. Mechanical Energy • Work-Energy Theorem • W = ΔKE • ΔKE = KEf – KEi • ΔKE = ½ mvf2 – 1/2mvi2

  27. Mechanical Energy • Conservation of Mechanical Energy MEi = MEf KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf ½ mvi2 + -mghi = ½ mvf2 + -mghf

  28. Thermodynamics

  29. Change of Phase • Going from one phase to another • Occurs through the gain or loss of heat Solid Liquid Gas Plasma Melting Vaporization Ionization Sublimation

  30. Change of Phase Solid Liquid Gas Plasma Condensation Freezing Deionization Deposition

  31. UniversalGravitation

  32. Gravity Equation • Where • F is force • G is the universal gravitation constant • m1is mass of object 1 • m2 is mass of object 2 • d is distance between objects

  33. Inverse Square Relationship • Ratio of distances to force

  34. Relativity

  35. Relativity • Special relativity • Space-Time • Time dilation • General relativity • e = mc2

  36. Electricity

  37. Electrostatics Where • F = Force • k = proportionality constant • q1 = charge of 1st particle • q2 = charge of 2nd particle • d = distance between charges What’s the unit for q?

  38. Ohm’s Law I = V R • Where • I is current • V is voltage (potential) • R is resistance

  39. Units of Ohm’s Law • Electric Potential, V • Volts (V) • Resistance, R • Ohms (Ω) • Current, I • Amperes (A)

  40. Electrical Power P = IV • Where • P is power • I is current • V is voltage • Unit for power • Watt

  41. Series Circuit • Only one path for current to flow through • All components have the same current • Resistance in series • Resistances add up • RTotal = R1 + R2+ … + Rn

  42. Parallel Circuits • Multiple paths for electricity to take • Voltage across each path is the same • Resistance in parallel • Inverse of resistances add up • 1 = 1 + 1 + … + 1_ RTotal R1 R2Rn

  43. Series vs. Parallel Summary • A table comparing series and parallel circuits • Voltage, current and resistance of each component

  44. Magnetism

  45. Direction of a Magnetic Field • When current flows down a wire… • The “Right Hand Rule” • With the right hand • Stick your thumb in the direction of the current • Your fingers show the direction of the field

  46. Electromagnetic Induction • A changing magnetic field and a wire causes… • Current • And Voltage • Explained by Ohm’s Law • I = V/R • This is done by… • Moving a magnet relative to a wire

  47. Stepping Up and Down • What type of transformers, step-up or step-down, are they following? The primary coils are on the left, the secondary coils are on the right. PRIMARY SECONDARY Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

  48. Waves

  49. Describing Waves • Crest • High point of a wave

  50. Describing Waves • Trough • Low point of a wave

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