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Bellringer

Bellringer. “As more individuals are produced that can possibly survive, there must…be a struggle for existence, either one individual with another of the same species, or with the individuals of distinct species, or with the physical conditions of life.” - Charles Darwin.

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Bellringer

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  1. Bellringer “As more individuals are produced that can possibly survive, there must…be a struggle for existence, either one individual with another of the same species, or with the individuals of distinct species, or with the physical conditions of life.” - Charles Darwin How does this quote relate to niches and competition?

  2. Section 2 How Species Interact with Each Other

  3. I. An Organism’s Niche niche _____ the unique role of a species within an ecosystem A niche includes an organisms: physical home environmental factors species interactions

  4. Habitat is different from niche Habitat is location Think of a niche as the organism’s job or function Niche example, Fruit Bat: Lives in trees and caves Pollinates flowers Spreads seeds Interacts with hawks and owls

  5. II. Ways In Which Species Interact Competition ___________ relationship in which different individuals or populations attempt to use the same limited resource Can occur: Between species Within species Indirectly

  6. Between species: Lions, Hyenas, and Cheetahs all compete for the same food on the African savannah’s Within species: Two different loblolly pines growing close to each other Think of this as more of a resource limitation

  7. Indirect Competition: Two closely relates species sharing a habitat resulting in Niche restriction or Niche differentiation: Examples… Both mice and man will consume crops such as corn, however in this relationship these organisms will rarely interact

  8. Two monkey species feed at different heights within a tree Two species of mice, one nocturnal and one diurnal, both feed on insects. They feed at different times

  9. Predation, Parasitism, Mutualism, and Commensalism Predator/Prey – One organism eating another Example: snake (predator) eating a mouse (prey)

  10. Parasitism – An organism that takes nourishment from an organism Two parts: Parasite – organism that feeds on another organism Host - organism that is providing nourishment to the parasite

  11. Different from a predator b/c the parasite spends all or most of its life in or on the host

  12. Mutualism – Two organisms living in harmony helping each other out A butterfly and a flower. How do they help each other?

  13. Commensalism – One species benefits, the other is not harmed but doesn’t benefit Describe the relationship between the following organisms. How are each an example of commensalism?

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