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Chapter 13-1 Charlemagne Unites Germanic Kingdoms

Chapter 13-1 Charlemagne Unites Germanic Kingdoms. Main Idea: Many Germanic Kingdoms that succeeded the Roman Empire were reunited under Charlemagne’s empire. Middle Ages. The period of European History that is also known as the medieval period from 500-1500 A.D. Roots:

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Chapter 13-1 Charlemagne Unites Germanic Kingdoms

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  1. Chapter 13-1 Charlemagne Unites Germanic Kingdoms

  2. Main Idea: Many Germanic Kingdoms that succeeded the Roman Empire were reunited under Charlemagne’s empire.

  3. Middle Ages • The period of European History that is also known as the medieval period from 500-1500 A.D. • Roots: •  Classical Rome •  Roman Catholic Church •  Customs of Germanic tribes

  4. Periodization Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500

  5. Europe in the 6c

  6. Changes in Western Europe • Germanic invaders overrun the western part of the Roman Empire  disruption of trade caused money to become scarce  cities were abandoned  nobles fled to the rural areas

  7. The Fall of the Roman Empire

  8. The Decline of Learning • Few people except church people could read or write  Greek knowledge almost lost  Germanic tribes had no written language * Causes Latin to change * Different dialects to develop ( French & Spanish evolve)

  9. Germanic Kingdoms Emerge • Focus on personal relationships • No loyalty to a king they never saw -> did not pay tax collectors • Warriors loyal to the local noble

  10. Clovis Rules the Franks • Franks control the Roman province of Gaul - France & Switzerland • Leader was Clovis - wife urged him to convert to Christianity - After winning battle, he & 3,000 warriors baptized

  11. Clovis Rules the Franks • The name Clovis would eventually evolve into the name Louis  the most popular French name

  12. Faith of the Middle Ages • Christianity • Monasteries - monks • Convents - nuns • Places of religious study

  13. A Medieval Monastery: The Scriptorium

  14. Illuminated Manuscripts

  15. A Medieval Monk’s Day

  16. The Medieval Catholic Church • St. Benedict – Benedictine Rule of poverty, chastity, and obedience. •  provided schools for the children of the upper class. •  inns, hospitals, refuge in times of war. •  libraries & scriptoria to copy books and illuminate manuscripts. •  monks  missionaries to the barbarians. ]

  17. St. Benedict 480-543

  18. Gregory I • 590: Gregory I Pope- Head of the church of Rome • Church became secular  involved in politics- giving money to governments  money used for armies, roads, & poor

  19. Charles Martel (“The Hammer”) 714-741 • Major Domo (mayor of the palace) became more powerful than king • Extended Frank rule

  20. Charles Martel (“The Hammer”) 714-741 • Battle of Tours (732) • Defeats Muslims from Spain • If lost, W. Europe might become part of Muslim Empire • Made him a Christian hero

  21. Pepin the Short (741-768) • Son of Charles and becomes major domo • Helps Pope fight the Lombards in Italy • Pope crowns him King = Carolingian Dynasty

  22. The Carolingian Renaissance

  23. Charlemagne: 768 to 814

  24. Charlemagne (Charles the Great) 768-814 • His armies reunite Western Europe • Spreads Christianity • 800: Goes to Rome to protect Pope Leo III from mobs • Pope crowns him emperor given title “Emperor of Rome” • Franks, Church, and Roman heritage now united

  25. Charlemagne’s Empire

  26. Pope Crowned CharlemagneHoly Roman Emperor: Dec. 25, 800

  27. Charlemagne’s Legacy • Limited authority of nobles by sending royal agents to watch over them • Encourages learning and orders monasteries to open schools to train more monks

  28. Weak Heirs • Louis the Pious (son) rules poorly • His 3 grandsons fight over control of the empire  Lothair  Charles the Bald  Louis the German • 843: Treaty of Verdun divides empire into 3 areas

  29. Charlemagne’s Empire Collapses:Treaty of Verdun, 843

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