Vocabulary

1. Vocabulary • Assimilation – a smaller group being absorbed into a larger group. The smaller group takes on the way of life of the larger group • Dawes Act – passed in 1887 – intended to “Americanize” the Native Americans by giving Indian leaders land and encouraging them to farm • Battle of Wounded Knee – last of the battles between US and Indians. US massacred Indians • Homestead Act – passed in 1862 – gave 160 acres of land to settlers. If they showed possession for 5 years it would be theirs forever. Encouraged westward settlement • Exoduster–former slaves that got free land in Kansas

2. Vocabulary • Populist Party – a political party formed in the late 1800s by farmers. They were later joined by laborers. Populists wanted the people to have a bigger voice in the government. • Bimetallism – Backing money by gold and silver. Would cause inflation. Biggest demand of populist. • Bessemer Process – removing the impurities out of iron to make steel. Had a major impact on industries • Laissez-Faire – “hands-off” - no government regulations on businesses • Social Darwinism – survival of the fittest business – resulted in many monopolies • Monopoly- one business that controls all the economic activity in a market. – limits competition

3. What do you think? 1. Why was the destruction of the buffalo so detrimental to the Native American way of life? 2. Why did the settlers push to settle in the West? 3. What do you think the US government did to encourage settlement in the West?

4. WESTWARD EXPANSION Chapter 5 MANIFEST DESTINY

5. What time period are we talking about? 1800s Nineteenth Century

6. Who is moving? • Exodusters • Former Slaves that… • Others • Civil War Vets • Convicts • Railroad Workers • Unemployed

7. Why are they moving? • Jobs in the West • Mining • Farming/Ranching • Open Range • Federal Land Grants • Homestead Act • Morrill Land Grant PULL FACTORS

8. How are they moving? • Covered Wagon • Railroads • Pacific Railway Act (Lincoln) • Transcontinental Railroad • Union Pacific / Central Pacific

11. Settlers’ life Self-sufficient

20. How did movement affect the makeup of the United States? • Geography • Boom/Ghost Towns • Barbed Wire • Great Plains • Native Americans • Treaty of Fort Laramie • Massacre at Wounded Knee • Wovaka – Ghost Dance • Dawes Act / Assimilation

22. Carlisle School Of Learning

24. African Americans • 13th Amendment • 14th Amendment • 15th Amendment

25. CLOSING THE FRONTIER • General Washburn • Oklahoma Land Rush

26. Populist PartyPeople’s PartyPopulist

27. Populism • Platform • Bimetallism • Sherman Silver Purchase Act (add to outline) • William Jennings Bryan • The Wizard of Oz

28. Vocabulary • Transcontinental Railroad – completed in 1869 when it connected in Promontory, Utah. It linked our country east to west. • Interstate Commerce Act – passed in 1887 to create a commission to regulate the railroads • Sherman Anti-Trust Act - ;passed in 1890 to limit certain types of monopolies. • Arbitration – settling a dispute by using a third party • Labor Unions – organizations formed by workers to fight for better pay, hours and conditions – among other demands

30. INDUSTRIALIZATION

31. What is Industrialization? • What makes it possible? • Materials • People • Workers and Entrepreneurs • Where was the main US industrial region?

32. Key Players – Captains of Industry • Edwin Drake • Henry Bessemer • Andrew Carnegie • Horizontal • Vertical • John Rockefeller

33. Economic Philosophies Laissez Faire Capitalism Socialism Social Darwinism Gospel of Wealth Reform Darwinism

34. Laissez-Faire • To let do… . • No government influence in economics • Means that there are no laws on businesses!!! • “Hands Off”

35. Capitalism • Private Ownership of Business • Little government regulations on busiesses • YOU decide what you will do • What we have in the US

36. Socialism • Total government control of economy • No free enterprise • Usually associated with communism

37. Gospel of Wealth • Andrew Carnegie • It is ok to make a lot of money as long as you give back to society

38. Social Darwinism • What is “Darwinism”? • How does this relate to society? • SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST BUSINESS • The strong take over the weak

39. Reform Darwinism • Darwinism – just different • Instead of competition you work together for success of all • Cooperation!!!

40. Tariffs • High • Low

41. Led to: Stanford and the Big Four Vanderbilt James J. Hill • Monopolies • Consolidation of Railroads • Trusts • Robber Barons • Corruption • The Credit Mobilier Interstate Commerce Act created the… • Interstate Commerce Commission • Sherman Anti Trust Act • Panic of 1893 CAPTAINS OF INDUSTRY

43. How did industrialization affect society? • Population shift • Rural to Urban • Isolation and ideas • Inventions • Telephone • Light Bulb • Ice Machine • Standard Sizes • Leisure Time

44. Labor Unions • Need for Unions • Working conditions • Salaries • .27 – 14 hour day – child • $267 a year – woman • $498 a year – man • $23 million • Local Unions

45. Two types of Unions • Trade Unions – Craft Unions • American Federation of Labor • Samuel Gompers • Industrial Unions • Industrial Workers of the World • Eugene V. Debs

46. National Labor Union • Knights of Labor • Arbitration

48. Strikes • Haymarket Affair • Effect • Pullman Strike

49. Women Organize • Mary Harris Jones • Garment Workers Union • Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire • Results