Psychosocial Intervention for Sport Injury Illness

1. Psychosocial Intervention for Sport Injury Illness Part 2

2. Techniques for Cognitive Restructuring • Some practice irrational thinking and negative self-talk • Hinders treatment progress • To help this we use • Cognitive restructuring • Refuting irrational thoughts and thought stopping

3. Refuting Irrational Thoughts • Designed to deal with a person’s internal dialogue • Actual events do not create emotions, rather it is self talk after the events that does • Causes anxiety, anger and depression

4. Refuting Irrational Thoughts • Example • Tennis player had surgical repair of shoulder, is impatient about the speed of recovery. Emotions of anger and depression are present • Negative Self Talk • I was stupid to get hurt, why me, why did I have to get hurt, Its not fair • Positive self talk • I was hurt and now I am doing my best to get well, everyday I am getting better

5. Thought Stopping • Helping the athlete overcome worries and doubts • Consists of focusing on the undesired thoughts and stopping them with the command stop or a loud noise. • After a positive statement is inserted • My shoulder is healing and I’ll play as well as or maybe better than before

6. Imagery • Use of senses to create or recreate an experience in the mind • Visual rehearsal • Both coping and mastery rehearsal • Coping rehearsal • Visually rehearse problems they feel may stand in their way to return to competition • Rehearse how they will overcome the problems • Mastery rehearsal • Gaining the confidence and motivational skills necessary • Visualize their successful return to competition with early practice drills and continuing on to the game situation

7. Coping with Pain • Tension reduction • Attention Diversion • Altering the Pain Sensation

8. Mental Disorders • Mood disorders • Depression • Individual goes from feeling normal to feeling of helplessness, misery, loss of energy, excessive guilt, changes in eating and sleep habits, thoughts of death. • Seasonal Affective Disorder • Characterized by mental depression related to a certain season of the year (winter months)

9. Mood Disorders • Anxiety Disorders • Panic Attacks • Unexpected and unprovoked emotionally intense experience of terror or fear • Phobias • Persistent and irrational fear of a specific situation, activity or object that creates an intense desire to avoid the feared stimulus

10. Others • Paranoia • Unrealistic and unfounded suspicions about specific people or things • Obsessive Compulsive Disorder • Combination of emotional and behavioral symptoms • Obsessive: recurrent, inappropriate thoughts, feelings, impulses, or images that they cannot eliminate or ignore • Compulsive: engaging in unreasonable repetitive acts

11. Others • Posttraumatic Stress Disorder • Suffer a psychologically traumatic event • Personal assault or abuse • Sexual assault or harassment • Plane crash may re-experience this event through nightmares • May experience • Numbing • Insomnia • Increased aggression • Can persist for decades