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Biologically-Based Nursing Research Leslie Kramer Pejic, Ph.D., C.N.S., R.N. April 11, 2008

Biologically-Based Nursing Research Leslie Kramer Pejic, Ph.D., C.N.S., R.N. April 11, 2008. Nursing is “the diagnosis of human responses to actual or potential health problems.” (American Nurses’ Association). What is Nursing?. Human Response Viewed From Four Perspectives.

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Biologically-Based Nursing Research Leslie Kramer Pejic, Ph.D., C.N.S., R.N. April 11, 2008

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  1. Biologically-Based Nursing Research Leslie Kramer Pejic, Ph.D., C.N.S., R.N. April 11, 2008

  2. Nursing is “the diagnosis of human responsesto actual or potential health problems.” (American Nurses’ Association) What is Nursing?

  3. Human Response Viewed From Four Perspectives Physiological regulatory responses Pathophysiological responses Experiential responses Behavioral responses

  4. Human Response Model These perspectives are used in other disciplines; however, nursing science synthesizes them explicitly considering their linkages in clarifying human response phenomena.

  5. Memory Deficits From Stressors STROKE EPILEPSY PARKINSON’S DISEASE ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE CARDIAC DARREST HYPOGLYCEMIA ALCOHOLISM HUNTINGTON’S DISEASE

  6. Memory Deficits Neurodegeneration in the hippocampus Stress receptors very prevalent in hippocampus

  7. EINSTEIN

  8. Human Hippocampus

  9. Subfields of The Hippocampus Hippocampus

  10. Layers of The CA1 and Dentate Gyrus of The Hippocampus

  11. BCO Model of Memory Disorder

  12. Balance of Stress Receptors

  13. Think Outside The Box!

  14. Apoptosis of Neuron

  15. APOPTOSIS Apoptosis of NEURON and GLIA

  16. Biologically-based Nursing Research Training Objectives • Apply theories and methods of the • biological sciences in the identification of problems arising from human responses to acute and chronic diseases (stressors)

  17. OBJECTIVES continued 2. Integrate theories and methods of the basic sciences, nursing, and related theories regarding human response to acute and chronic illnesses (stressors)

  18. OBJECTIVES continued 3. Demonstrate skill in the biologic approaches to measurement. 4. Demonstrate proficiency in design, data generation and analysis of biologically-based nursing research

  19. Examples Of Biologic Research Neurologic impact of diabetes Nutrition and gut mobility Gender differences in cardiac function Mechanisms of wound healing

  20. Translational Research(Bench To Bedside) Effective translation of new knowledge, mechanisms and techniques generated by advances in basic science research into new approaches for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease

  21. Translational Neuroscience Accomplishments Retinitis pigmentosa: gene therapy Parkinson’s disease: deep brain stimulation Stroke: cooling brain, TPA for clots Depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: pharmacology

  22. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Tesla discovered the rotating magnetic field in 1882. (Invented the radio) In 1956, the “Tesla Unit” was proclaimed as unit of measurement of the strength of a magnetic field. All MRI’s are calibrated in Tesla Units. The strongest MRI is 9.4 Tesla units.

  23. Molecular Imaging Measuring neurotransmitters GABA GLUTAMATE Quantifying blood-brain permeability Observing brain activation and perfusion

  24. Practice-based Evidence for Clinical Practice Improvement Examines three sets of factors and the interaction among them: PATIENT (CASE MIX CLASSIFICATION ; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS) PROCESS (TREATMENTS, INTERVENTIONS, MEDICATIONS) OUTCOMES (CLINICAL, COST, LENGTH OF STAY)

  25. PBE: Effectiveness Research(Attention To Details Of The Process Of Care) ANSWERS THE QUESTION: does a treatment work under usual conditions of care? 2. SEEKS TO IDENTIFY NATURAL VARIATION IN THE POPULATION AND DETERMINE HOW INTERVENTIONS AFFECT DIFFERENT POPULATIONS

  26. PBE Creates a comprehensive, complex databases, that include detailed patient-specific descriptions, severity-of-illness measures, and characterizations of treatments for large samples of patients. (examples; stroke rehabilitation, sepsis evaluations for infants with bronchiolitis, pressure ulcers)

  27. Biologically-Based Nursing Research Bench to bedside Bedside to bench Bedside to community

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