TACTICAL DIAGRAMMING Building Principles

1. TACTICAL DIAGRAMMINGBuilding Principles

2. All buildings are built for a purpose • What a building is used for determines: • Size • Shape • Location • Contents • Commercial and public buildings are easier to diagram than residences • Public access • Safety plans, especiallyfire escape • Blueprints on file

3. Building limitations are an advantage for tactical diagramming • Cardinal rule of contracting! • The ability to overcome construction design difficulties is in direct proportion to the amount of money the builder is willing to spend • If you’ve got the money we’ve got the way! • Large and expensive houses are more difficult to diagram • Owner additions and remodels • Likewise, those added without plans, building codes or an understanding of building practices are more difficult

4. Material LimitationsSpans LOAD Rule of 14 ≤14' between supports

5. Material LimitationsRafters & Trusses LOAD LOAD Bearing Wall ~12-16 '

6. Bearing Walls • Two types of walls • Partition—used to separate spaces for privacy • Bearing—short for “load bearing” • Bearing walls are “structural”(They support the load above them) • Cannot be easily moved • Provide reliable clues for location • They support bearingwalls above themon multi-storybuildings

7. Construction Methods • Stick framing most common type of construction in North America • No framing member larger than 2" • Standard construction method in USA • Has been used for more than a century • Spans limited by material • Timber-frame • Still usedfor barnsand largecommercial buildings

8. Three Parts of a House Living Area Food Preparation Area Sleeping Area • All dwellings have three areas (functions) • Living • Sleeping • Food Preparation

9. Questions?