Cross-Cultural Business

1. Cross-CulturalBusiness

2. Define culture and list its components Discuss attitudes toward time, work and cultural change Describe the roles of religion and communication in a society Discuss how physical environment affects culture Describe two frameworks for classifying cultures Chapter Preview International Business 3e

3. Set of values, beliefs, rules and institutions held by a specific group of people Ethnocentricity Belief that one’s own ethnic group or culture is superior to that of others Cultural literacy Detailed knowledge of a culture that enables a person to function effectively within it What is Culture? International Business 3e

4. National culture Nation states build museums and monuments to preserve the legacies of important events and people Subculture Group of people that share a unique way of life within a larger culture (language, race, lifestyle, attitudes, etc.) Nations and Culture International Business 3e

5. Aesthetics Values & attitudes Manners & customs Social structure Religion Personal communication Education Physical environments Components of Culture International Business 3e

6. Music Painting Dance Drama Architecture Aesthetics International Business 3e

7. Values The Ideas, beliefs and customs to which people are emotionally attached Freedom Responsibility Honesty Attitudes Positive or negative evaluations, feelings and tendencies people hold toward objects or concepts Time Work Cultural change Values and Attitudes International Business 3e

8. Manners Appropriate behavior, speech and dressing in general Customs Traditional ways or behavior in specific circumstances Manners and Customs International Business 3e

9. Social structure Culture’s groups, institutions, social positions and resource distribution Social stratification Process of ranking people into social layers Social mobility Ease of moving up or down a culture's "social ladder" Social Structure International Business 3e

10. World Religions • Origin of Human Values • Christianity • Islam • Hinduism • Buddhism • Confucianism • Judaism • Shinto International Business 3e

11. Braniff Airlines’ English-language slogan “Fly in Leather” was translated into “Fly Naked” in Spanish. Sign in English on a Majorcan storefront read, “English well-talking” and “Here speeching American.” Sign for non-Japanese-speaking guests in a Tokyo hotel read, “You are respectfully requested to take advantage of the chambermaids.” English sign in a Moscow hotel read, “If this is your first visit to the USSR, you are welcome to it.” Japanese knife manufacturer labeled its exports to the United States with “Caution: Blade extremely sharp! Keep out of children.” Language Blunders International Business 3e

12. Cultures pass on traditions, customs, and values through schooling, parenting, group memberships, etc. Education level Well-educated attract high-paying jobs, while poorly educated attract low-paying manufacturing jobs Brain drain Departure of highly educated people from one profession, geographic region or nation to another Education International Business 3e

13. These influence a culture’s development and pace of change Topography Physical features characterizing the surface of a geographic region Climate Weather conditions of a geographic region Material Culture Technology used to manufacture goods and provide services Physical and Material Culture International Business 3e

14. Relation to nature Material or spiritual Time orientation Responsibility to others Trust and control View of personal space Kluckhohn-Strodtbeck Framework International Business 3e

15. Individualism vs. collectivism Power distance Uncertainty avoidance Achievement vs. nurturing Hofstede Framework International Business 3e