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This article explores the impact of radical theories in algebra, tracing the contributions of key figures such as Joseph Wedderburn, Nathan Jacobson, and Jacob Levitzki. We discuss the General and Restricted Burnside Problems formulated by William Burnside, along with Efim Zelmanov's advancements, Shimson Amitsur's results, and the Kurosh Problem laid out by Aleksandr Kurosh. Additionally, we delve into the Köthe Conjecture proposed in 1930 by Gottfried Köthe. This comprehensive analysis highlights the intricate relationships among these mathematical concepts and their historical significance.
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Wedderburn’s radical Joseph Wedderburn
Jacobson radical Nathan Jacobson
Levitzki’s and Baer’s radicals Jacob Levitzki
Golod-Shafarevich algebras Igor Shafarevich
General Burnside Problem William Burnside
Restricted Burnside Problem Efim Zelmanov
Amitsur’s result Shimson Amitsur
Kurosh Problem Aleksandr Kurosh
Köthe Conjecture (1930) Gottfried Köthe with a lady