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World War One Technology

World War One Technology. World War One Technology. In 1914, many people thought the war would be done by Christmas! But by 1918, war technology had changed the face of battle forever The following is an overview of some of the weapons used during World War 1

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World War One Technology

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  1. World War One Technology

  2. World War One Technology • In 1914, many people thought the war would be done by Christmas! • But by 1918, war technology had changed the face of battle forever • The following is an overview of some of the weapons used during World War 1 • Fill out your organizer with details

  3. Guns • "Bolt Action Rifle" was used by most of the nations in WWI • Canadians used the Ross Rifle, although a good distance weapon, it did not work well in poor conditions. • It would jam when wet or dirty and if improperly assembled after cleaning could backfire, sending the bolt back at the soldier • In 1916, the Ross Rifle was replaced with the British Lee-Enfield Rifle

  4. Machine Guns • The machine gun used the recoil force of each bullet to reload the next • The British Vickers Gun could fire 600 rounds per minute and had the equivalent fire power of 100 soldiers • In WWI machine guns required a crew of three to operate the gun

  5. 2. Artillery • Artillery means mounted, large calibre guns • Trench warfare required long range artillery to shell enemy positions • The Howitzer could fire very heavy shells over 18km

  6. 3. Mustard and Chlorine Gases • World War One saw the first poison gas used. Two different types, chlorine and mustard gas • First used by Germans in Battle of Ypres • Caused a burning sensation in their throats and began to cause chest pain, death was very painful as they suffocated slowly.

  7. 4. Tanks • The Mark One Tanks were first used on Sept 15, 1916 at the Battle of the Somme • Early tanks were slow & conditions inside extremely hot & full of carbon monoxide & other toxic gasses. • The Germans tended not to use tanks and focused on anti-tank weapons & defenses • By end of war, tank technology: better speed, better weapons, safety and size increased • Tank warfare made trench warfare obsolete

  8. 5. Airplanes • Early WWI aircraft were made of wood and treated with fabric • Both sides debated the usefulness of military aircraft. • The Germans did not initially look to using airplanes as they had success with their Zeppelin airships which had greater range and carrying capacity (but were more vulnerable to attack)

  9. Aircrafts and Bombings • Bombing, at first, was no aiming or carrying mechanisms on the plane, as time went on became more precise • Aerial combat began from the use of planes as surveillance • Pilots would attempt to stop each other with whatever they had (bricks, rocks, grenades, rope, even ramming the other plane) • Eventually, both sides began to fit machine guns on the planes which led to the ‘dog fight’ air combat of the war

  10. Famous Pilots and Aces • One of the most well known aces was the Red Baron – Baron Manfred von Richthofen – a German ace with 80 confirmed victories in the air. • Canadian Captain Arthur ‘Roy’ Brown is credited with killing the Red Baron • Canada’s top flying ace was William ‘Billy’ Bishop who has 72 victories, likely the highest of all the Allies.

  11. 6. Submarines • U-Boat was the Anglicization of the German – Unterseeboot • The U-Boat was mainly used by Germany as an ‘economic’ weapon for attacking shipping lines • The attacks on convoys did not do sufficient damage to the supply lines (especially after the Allies began to use convoys for their ships) to knock them out of the war

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