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Understanding Atmospheric Refraction Effects

Explore how light rays bend in the atmosphere, causing the Sun to appear above the horizon and mirages to form. Learn how lenses refract light and create images.

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Understanding Atmospheric Refraction Effects

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  1. Fig. 23-CO, p. 790

  2. Fig. 23-1, p. 791

  3. Fig. 23-2, p. 791

  4. Fig. 23-3, p. 791

  5. Fig. 23-4, p. 792

  6. Fig. MCQ23-12, p. 817

  7. Fig. P23-5, p. 818

  8. Fig. 23-10, p. 795

  9. Fig. 23-9, p. 794

  10. Fig. 23-13a, p. 797

  11. Fig. 23-13, p. 797

  12. Fig. 23-11, p. 795

  13. Fig. 23-13b, p. 797

  14. Fig. 23-13c, p. 797

  15. Fig. 23-14, p. 798

  16. Fig. 23-18, p. 803

  17. Atmospheric Refraction and Sun’s Position • Light rays from the sun are bent as they pass into the atmosphere. • It is a gradual bend because the light passes through layers of the atmosphere. • Each layer has a slightly different index of refraction. • The Sun is seen to be above the horizon even after it has fallen below it. Section 23.5

  18. Atmospheric Refraction and Mirages • A mirage can be observed when the air above the ground is warmer than the air at higher elevations. • The rays in path B are directed toward the ground and then bent by refraction. • The observer sees both an upright and an inverted image. Section 23.5

  19. Fig. 23-20b, p. 804

  20. Lenses work by refracting light Fig. 23-21, p. 805

  21. Fig. 23-23, p. 806

  22. Fig. 23-24, p. 807

  23. Fig. 23-25, p. 807

  24. Fig. 23-25a, p. 807

  25. Fig. 23-25b, p. 807

  26. Fig. 23-25c, p. 807

  27. Fig. 23-26, p. 809

  28. Fig. 23-26a, p. 809

  29. Fig. 23-26b, p. 809

  30. Fig. 23-27, p. 810

  31. Fig. 23-27a, p. 810

  32. Fig. 23-27b, p. 810

  33. Fig. 23-31, p. 814

  34. p. 815

  35. p. 815

  36. p. 815

  37. p. 815

  38. p. 815

  39. p. 816

  40. p. 816

  41. p. 816

  42. Fig. P23-36, p. 820

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