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Photosynthesis Quiz

Photosynthesis Quiz. The protons/hydrogen ions go from ________ to ________ when the electron goes through the electron transport chain. Name the protein in the thylakoid membrane that makes ATP when protons go through it. Why do protons go through the above protein during the light reactions?

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Photosynthesis Quiz

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  1. Photosynthesis Quiz • The protons/hydrogen ions go from ________ to ________ when the electron goes through the electron transport chain. • Name the protein in the thylakoid membrane that makes ATP when protons go through it. • Why do protons go through the above protein during the light reactions? • Where do ATP and NADPH go after the light reactions? • What molecules enter the Calvin cycle?

  2. Photosynthesis Quiz 6. What molecules are produced in the Calvin cycle? 7. What do CAM plants do to conserve water, but still be able to go through photosynthesis? 8. On the board 9. On the board 10. On the board

  3. Cellular Respiration Chapter 8

  4. Glycolysisconverts 1 glucose into 2 pyruvate Aerobic Respiration Anaerobic Respiration 2 ATP/ glucose 36 ATP/ glucose Fig. 8-2b, p. 124

  5. Aerobic Respiration • 3 Stages 1. Glycolysis 2. Acetyl-CoA formation and Krebs cycle 3. Electron transfer phosphorylation/chain (ATP formation)

  6. Cytoplasm glucose ATP ATP Glycolysis 4 ATP (2 net) 2 ATP 2 pyruvate 2 NADH Mitochondrion 6 CO2 Krebs Cycle ATP 2 ATP 8 NADH, 2 FADH2 ATP Electron Transfer oxygen 32 ATP Phosphorylation Aerobic Respiration Stepped Art Fig. 8-3a, p. 125

  7. Glycolysis Summary

  8. A An enzyme splits a pyruvate molecule into a two-carbon acetyl group and CO2. Coenzyme A binds the acetyl group (forming acetyl–CoA). NAD+ combines with released hydrogen ions and electrons, forming NADH. Acetyl–CoA Formation pyruvate NAD+ coenzyme A NADH CO2 B The Krebs cycle starts as one carbon atom is transferred from acetyl–CoA to oxaloacetate. Citrate forms, and coenzyme A is regenerated. acetyl–CoA coenzyme A H The final steps of the Krebs cycle regenerate oxaloacetate. citrate oxaloacetate G NAD+ combines with hydrogen ions and electrons, forming NADH. C A carbon atom is removed from an intermediate and leaves the cell as CO2. NAD+ combines with released hydrogen ions and electrons, forming NADH. CO2 Krebs Cycle NAD+ NADH NADH F The coenzyme FAD com-bines with hydrogen ions and electrons, forming FADH2. NAD+ CO2 NAD+ FADH2 FAD D A carbon atom is removed from another intermediate and leaves the cell as CO2, and another NADH forms. NADH ADP + Pi E One ATP forms by substrate-level phosphorylation. ATP Pyruvate’s three carbon atoms have now exited the cell, in CO2. Stepped Art Fig. 8-6, p. 129

  9. Electron Transfer Phosphorylation

  10. Summary: Aerobic Respiration

  11. Alcoholic Fermentation

  12. The Twitchers • Slow-twitch muscle fibers (“red” muscles) make ATP by aerobic respiration • Have many mitochondria • Dominate in prolonged activity • Fast-twitch muscle fibers (“white” muscles) make ATP by lactate fermentation • Have few mitochondria and no myoglobin • Sustain short bursts of activity

  13. Sprinters and Lactate Fermentation

  14. The Fate of Glucose at Mealtimeand Between Meals • When blood glucose concentration rises, the pancreas increases insulin secretion • Cells take up glucose faster, more ATP is formed, glycogen and fatty-acid production increases • When blood glucose concentration falls, the pancreas increases glucagon secretion • Stored glycogen is converted to glucose

  15. Links Between Photosynthesisand Aerobic Respiration

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