1 / 50

VERBAL MESSAGES

VERBAL MESSAGES. Verbal Messages. Clarity and Ambiguity. Use Unequivocal Terms to Avoid Misunderstandings Equivocal Terms: Terms with more than one meaning. High Level Abstraction: Statements that cover a broader range of possible objects or events without describing much detail.

cstookey
Download Presentation

VERBAL MESSAGES

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. VERBAL MESSAGES

  2. Verbal Messages Clarity and Ambiguity • Use Unequivocal Terms to Avoid Misunderstandings • Equivocal Terms: Terms with more than one meaning

  3. High Level Abstraction: Statements that cover a broader range of possible objects or events without describing much detail. • “Keep up the good work.” • All, Never, Every, None, Always…

  4. Use Lower-Level Abstractions When Clarity is Essential • Low-level abstractions: highly specific statements that refer directly to objects or events that can be observed

  5. Very general Problem Equipment Problem Breakdown of Copying machine Automatic paper feeder does not work Sheets Jammed in paper path Quite Specific

  6. Use Jargon Judiciously • Use Ambiguous Language When It Is Strategically Desirable

  7. Avoid Biased Language • Biased Language: Statements that seem to be objective but actually conceal an emotional bias. (Emotive Language) • He’s long winded. • She’s wishy-washy.

  8. Beware of Trigger Words • Words or statements that insight strong emotional associations. • Used towards individuals, groups, issues, topics.

  9. Verbal Messages Masculine and Feminine Language Use • Feminine Speech • Rapport Talk: to create connections, establish goodwill, show support, and build community. • Masculine Speech • Report Talk: speech that focuses less on feelings and relationships and more on information, facts, knowledge, and competence.

  10. Verbal Messages Differences Between Women’s & Men’s Language Use Women’s Style • Rapport • Expressive • Supportive • Tentative • Conversational initiation and maintenance Men’s Style • Report • Instrumental • Advising • Certain • Conversational control

  11. Verbal Messages • Be Aware of Different Styles • Switch Styles, When Appropriate • Combine Styles Meeting Gender-Related Language Challenges

  12. Sexual Harassment • Quid pro quo (“this for that”) • Hostile Work Environment Two Types of Sexual Harassment Recognized by Law

  13. Sexual Harassment • Avoid language that could be considered offensive • Avoid actions that could lead to discomfort Avoiding Sexual Harassment Problems

  14. Sexual Harassment Responding to Sexual Harassment • Consider Dismissing the Incident • Ask the Harasser to Stop • Keep a Diary • Write a Personal Letter to the Harasser • Ask a Friend to Intervene • Complain Through Channels • File a Legal Complaint

  15. NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION • Sending and receiving messages in a variety of ways without the use of verbal codes (words).  It is both intentional and unintentional.

  16. Nonverbal Communication Characteristics of Nonverbal Communication • Nonverbal Behavior Always Has Communicative Value • Nonverbal Communication is Powerful • Nonverbal Behavior Is Ambiguous • Nonverbal Communication Primarily Expresses Attitudes • Much Nonverbal Behavior is Culture-Bound

  17. Nonverbal Communication • Paralanguage- the vocal, but nonverbal, dimension of speech. Refers to the manner in which you say something rather than what you say Types of Nonverbal Communication

  18. V. Paralanguage • A. Rate • B. Volume • C. Pitch • D. Rhythm • E. Tone/Inflection • F. Silence • G. Disfluencies

  19. I need this job done right now. • I need this job done right now. • I need this job done right now. • I need this job done right now.

  20. K Body CommunicationKinesics- The study of body position and motion

  21. Body orientation- the degree to which we face toward or away from someone with our body, feet, and head • Posture- the position of the body; alignment • Gestures-movements of hands and arms

  22. A. Emblems = are a nonverbal substitute for the verbal message

  23. The fish was this big B. Illustrators = visually demonstrate & accompany the verbal message

  24. C. Affect Displays = any emotional response

  25. D. Regulators = group of behaviors that encourage or discourage communication

  26. E. Adaptors = satisfy some need

  27. II. Facial Communication = The communication of emotions Face Management Techniques • Intensifying = exaggerate expression • De-intensifying = to underplay an expression • Neutralizing = to hide any expression of feelings • Masking = to replace one expression with another

  28. B. Facial Feedback Hypothesis = facial expressions influence physical arousal

  29. III. Eye Communication A. Functions of Eye Contact • seek feedback • regulate the flow of communication • 3. signal the nature of the relationship

  30. b. visual dominance = aggressive stare

  31. B. Eye Avoidance 1. civil inattention = eye avoidance to maintain the privacy of others 2. signals a lack of interest regulator

  32. IV. Haptics A. Meanings of Touch • 1. Positive emotions • 2. Playfulness • Control • Ritualistic • 5. Task-related

  33. B. Touch Avoidance 1. high communication apprehension 2. under self-disclosures • increased age • 4. gender

  34. Nonverbal Messages Space and Time

  35. 1. Intimate: 0 - 18” 2. Personal: 18” - 4’ Proxemics- The study of the way humans use space Edward T. Hall’s 4 Spatial Distances

  36. 3.Social: 4’ -12’ 4. Public: 12-25’

  37. B. Theories About Space • 1. Protection Theory = you establish a body buffer zone around yourself as protection against unwanted touching or attack

  38. Closeness Means Intimacy • 2. Equilibrium Theory = intimacy and distance vary together

  39. Distance Means Nonintimate

  40. 3. Expectancy Violations Theory = we have expectations for distance if violated it brings the relationship into a clearer focus

  41. II. Territoriality = possessive reaction to objects/area • A. Home Field Advantage • B. Markers • 1. central = place items in the middle to show ownership

  42. 2. boundary = separates your territory from another

  43. 3. ear marker = identifying mark of property

  44. III. Artifacts = messages conveyed by objects that were made by human hands • A. Space Decoration • B. Color Communication • C. Clothing & Body Adornment

  45. Appearance • It matters how you look. • Look for examples • Be flexible • Casual is not sloppy • Dress for the job you want

  46. D. Scent (Olfactics) • 1. Attraction • 2. Taste • 3. Memory • 4. Identification

  47. III. Temporal Communication Chronemics- The study of the way humans use time A. Cultural Time

  48. 1. formal time = manner in which culture defines time 2. informal time = loose use of time terms "soon"

  49. B. Monochronism &Polychronism • 1. monochronic (M-time) = value punctuality, one event at a time • 2. polychronic (P-time) =process is more important than the schedule • a. do not value punctuality • b. do many events at once

  50. Psychological Time = emphasis on past, present, or future1. developed by your culture

More Related