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DIVERSITY OF MAMMALS Chapter 30.2 OBJECTIVES :

Explore the unique characteristics and adaptations of mammals, including Monotremes, Marsupials, and Placental Mammals. Learn about the various mammal orders such as Chiroptera (bats), Primates, Rodentia, Carnivora, and more.

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DIVERSITY OF MAMMALS Chapter 30.2 OBJECTIVES :

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  1. DIVERSITY OF MAMMALS • Chapter 30.2 • OBJECTIVES: • 1. State the various characteristics of mammals in each of three subgroups. • 2. Describe various adaptations that contribute to the diversity of mammals.

  2. Mammal Classification • ● the Class Mammalia is divided into three subgroups based on reproductive methods • 1. Monotremes: mammals that reproduce by laying eggs • (duck-billed platypusand echidna- live only in Australia, Tasmania and New Guinea)

  3. ● unique features of monotremes include reptilian bone structure in shoulder area, lower body temp than most mammals, a mix of chromosome size (normal, mammal and reptile-small)

  4. marsupials: pouched animals with a short gestation period • ● immediately following birth, the offspring crawl into a pouch (skin and hair) on the outside of the mother’s body (as early as 8d post fertilization) and continue to develop and be nourished with milk from mammary glands

  5. ● marsupials typically live in Australia (and nearby islands) – the opossumis the only marsupial in N America

  6. placental mammals: have a placenta (organ that provides food and oxygen to and removes waste and carbon dioxide from the developing young) - give birth to young that do not require further development in a pouch… • placental mammals are represented by 18 different orders…

  7. Order Insectivora (shrews, hedgehogs, moles) •  smallest mammals, pointed snouts, live underground, insect-eaters

  8. Order Chiroptera (bats) •  nocturnal, use sonar, adapted for flight, fruit and insect-eaters

  9. Order Primates (monkeys, apes, humans) •  binocular vision, large brains, most are tree-dwellers, opposable thumbs

  10. Order Xenarthra (anteaters, sloths, armadillos) •  toothless or peg-like teeth, insect-eaters

  11. Order Rodentia (beavers, rats, woodchucks, marmots, squirrels, hamsters and gerbils) •  sharp incisor teeth, plant-eaters

  12. Order Logomorpha (rabbits, pikas, hares) • ● back legs are longer than front, adapted to jumping, incisors continuously grow

  13. Order Carnivora (dogs, cats, wolves, bears, seals, walruses, coyotes, skunks, otters, minks, weasles) • ● teeth adapted to tear flesh, meat-eaters

  14. Order Proboscidea (elephants) • ● long trunks, incisors become long tusks, largest land animal

  15. Order Sirenia (manatees and dugongs) • ● slow moving, big heads, no hind limbs

  16. Order Perissodactyla (horses, zebras, rhinoceroses) • ● hoofed, odd number of toes, plant-eaters

  17. Order Artiodactyla (deer, antelope, cattle, sheep, pigs, goats, hippopotamus) • ● hoofed, even number of toes, plant-eaters that chew cud

  18. Order Cetacea (whales, dolphins, porpoises) • ● front limbs that are flippers, no hind limbs, nostril forms a blowhole

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