Local-Scale Observation Site (LSOS) MicroMet Measurements

1. Local-Scale Observation Site (LSOS) MicroMet Measurements Janet Hardy, ERDC-CRREL 28 May 2003 February 2002 - IOP1 March 2002 - IOP2 February 2003 - IOP3 March 2003 - IOP4

2. Tim Link & Richard Essery John Pomeroy Aled Rowlands Danny Marks Also… Geoff Koenig, Rae Melloh, and Jerry Ballard - ERDC Co-Investigators

3. LSOS Layout -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 IOP3 and IOP4, 2003 Trees measured Sub-canopy Met Sites Trees estimated Open area outline Snow Pit locations GBMR-7 with view N Distance (m) CRREL Radiometer Arrays FMCW radar 70 80 90 100 110 120 U. Mich. Radiometer Truck U. Mich. Radar Truck U. Mich. Met U. Tokyo Met 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 Distance (m) JPL Trees U. Tokyo Soil Probes

4. Look North Look East Look Northeast The LSOS in Pictures - Clearing

5. The LSOS in Pictures – Dense Pine Canopy

6. The LSOS in Pictures – Open Pine Canopy

7. MicroMet 2002IOP 1 and IOP 2 • Sub-canopy energetics – Hardy, Koenig, Pomeroy, Marks & Link • Met tower in dense pine • Three radiometer arrays • Thermal imaging camera • Thermocouples in forests • Met tower in clearing – Koike & Graf, U. of Tokyo

8. Sub-canopy Met in the Dense Pine IOP1 through IOP2 Air Temperature Relative Humidity Wind Speed Wind Direction

9. Open Pine Site 10 Eppley Pyranometers 2 Eppley Pyrgeometers Dense Pine Site 10 Eppley Pyranometers 2 Eppley Pyrgeometers Sub-canopy Radiometer Arrays

10. IOP 1, 2002 – Tree Well IOP 2, 2002 – Canopy Solar Variations Around an Individual Tree

12. Kipp & Zonen Net Radiometer Exergen Thermocouples Infrared Camera Hypodermic Thermocouples

13. +4°C +16°C Canopy Looking Up VS. Open Pine Dense Pine -1°C -5°C Cloudy Day Clear Day Spatial and Temporal Thermal Variability Digital Infrared Camera, Infrared Solutions, Inc. John Pomeroy, University of Wales

14. MicroMet 2003IOP 3 and IOP 4 • Sub-canopy energetics – Hardy, Koenig, Pomeroy, Link, & Marks • Met towers – dense and open pine • Eddy Covariance System – dense pine only • Radiometer arrays – dense and open pine • Thermal imaging camera • Thermocouples in forests • Met tower in clearing –University of Tokyo • Met tower in open pine – University of Michigan

15. Sub-canopy Met in the Open Pine IOP3 through Snowmelt Air Temperature – 2 hts. Relative Humidity – 2 hts. 3D Sonic Winds – 2 hts. Snow Depth Snow & Soil Temperature Soil Heat Flux

16. Sub-canopy Met and Eddy Covariance in Dense Pine IOP3 through snowmelt Air Temperature – 2 hts. Relative Humidity – 2 hts. Wind speed & dir. – 2 hts. Snow Depth Snow & Soil Temperature Soil Heat Flux Latent & Sensible Heat Flux Carbon Flux CO2 Concentrations Air & Vapor Pressure Net Radiation

17. University of Tokyo Met at Clearing Edge IOP1 and IOP2 IOP3 and IOP4 Precipitation

18. University of Michigan Met in Open Pine Nov. 2002 – June 2003 IOP3 and IOP4 Air Temperature Relative Humidity. Snow & Soil Temperature Soil Moisture Soil Heat Flux

19. Potential Applications for High Spatial Resolution Met Data at LSOS Model Development and Validation Scaling of Processes, Measurements and Models