How to Give an Effective 2ar

1. How to Give an Effective 2ar

2. 1. Think About the Big Picture • Remember: focus on offense – defend your house • Isolate 1 or 2 Impacts • Decide on impacts based on negative strategy – know what level of your argument you must win to access your impacts • Know way you may frame the debate depending on 2nr strategy before the 1ar speaks • Don’t immediately start writing your speech when 2nr ends – conceptualize the debate • However, during the 2nr’s prep time, you can start writing your overview based on what you think they are going for

3. 2. Strategy to Ordering Your Flows • Should have a strategy for ordering your flows for every speech • Keep in mind – 2ar tells a story…don’t let the judge write his or her own story • Don’t put your best argument or the neg’s best argument on the bottom when possible • Almost never want to put your entire case at the bottom • Almost never put the counterplan on the bottom

4. 3. Overviews – Your overview • Sometimes a general overview, sometimes done on a specific argument • Overview should not be a preview of what we are to hear - Instead, use it to frame the debate/start impact comparisons • Should be less than a minute long, aim for 30-45 seconds • Don’t use the exact same overview for every debate – however, keep them and re-use parts…you can even write parts ahead of time for different scenarios • Usually start with why you win it (recognizing negative’s best chance of winning) • NO UNDERVIEWS ALLOWED IN POLICY DEBATE

5. Responding to the 2nr Overview… • Don’t give your overview and then address everything in the 2nr overview • Your impact analysis should take in to account 2nr impact assessment • Only answer 2nr if arguments that you won’t answer in your overview or on the line

6. Scenario 1 - Overview The negative goes for the states CP and the federalism disad, with an Iraq instability/Middle East wars going nuclear impact. They also kick out of their topicality violation and spending tradeoff. There are 3 defensive on poverty and 3 defensive arguments on ethno-religious conflicts. Going in to your 2ar, you want to win that the counterplan does not solve the ethno-religious conflicts advantage and that outweighs. You also think it would help to win that federalism is not modeled. • What is the order of the flows in the 2ar? • Do you give a global overview or a specific overview? • How might you phrase your overview?

7. Scenario 2 - Overview • The negative kicked politics, went for spending tradeoff and defense against both of your advantages, poverty and ethno-religious conflicts. You believe the negative kicked out of politics incorrectly, and the impact is extinction because of nuclear war. • What is the order of the flows in the 2ar? • Do you give a global overview or a specific overview? • How might you phrase your overview?

8. Scenario 3 – Overview The negative went for ASPEC for 2 minutes and then went for politics and case defense against your 1 advantage, poverty. • What is the order of the flows in the 2ar? • Do you give a global overview or a specific overview? • How might you phrase your overview?

9. Scenario 4 - Overview • The negative goes for topicality – substantially means 20% for five minutes. • What is the order of the flows in the 2ar? • Do you give a global overview or a specific overview? • How might you phrase your overview?

10. 4. Pick, Choose, and Use Detail • Don’t have to extend every 1ar argument • Be willing to devote significant time to an argument • Don’t forget about the line-by-line • Exploit the weakness of the negative strategy….

11. 5. Take Advantage of 2nr Weaknesses EXAMPLES • DA - was the disad kicked out of incorrectly? - Did the 2nr spend too much time on the link and not enough on the uniqueness? • T/Theory • Frame based on dropped arguments or best arguments. Do a better job explaining your standards precede/outweigh/solve theirs *** The 2nr was NOT perfect – figure out the imperfections

12. 6. Ask yourself “So What” • Do not just extend 1ar arguments/develop • Make sure judge knows why the argument matters – how it interacts with the rest of the debate

13. 7. Comparison, and not just with debate jargon • Impact comparison – more than just time-frame, magnitude, and probability • Reasons why • Also think about questions of inevitability/who controls uniqueness, if case solves the neg’s impact, etc • Argument/Evidence Comparison * Evidence – reasons to prefer? • Argument – How does yours trump the negatives? • These types of comparisons do not happen enough

14. 8. Prove you’re an Expert on Your Aff • Refer to evidence by cite (and argument) – know your authors • Explain warrants in your evidence, not just tag lines (tricks – write on side of evidence, have pre-written explanations you can edit) * Don’t forget to extend 1ar evidence

15. 9. Delivery • Show confidence – before, during, and after the speech • Use emphasis * slow down on key ideas * use catch-phrases * connect with your judge • Start out especially strong – know your order, deliver the first 30 seconds perfectly, etc.

16. 10. Role of the 1ar • 1ar’s job is not done - get evidence in order - May need to help out by reading some evidence for the 2ar and help with comparison • Must flow! • Only interrupt partner if they are about to lose • Do not write out the majority of the speech for the 2ar * can help with small parts, but make sure you have taken time to make sure you understand the arguments/can read them

17. 12. Tips Versus the CP • When Going for Permutations • Make sure it is clear which perm you are going for • Repeat text and what it means • Explain why the permutation is better than the counterplan • Make sure you answer theory • If you go for theory versus the counterplan • make sure you do the link, internal link, and impact work • not enough to just respond to the neg, need to be sure you can win it • When debating the solvency deficit - Make sure you are citing evidence, not just in generic terms – especially 1ac evidence

18. 13. Tips Versus the Kritik • You must continue the debate about the alternative – think of like a counterplan - easiest way for aff to lose the k debate is concede that the alternative solves all the case • Same tips for permutations apply • Remember, you must have your story – don’t just extend 1ar arguments

19. 14. Tips Versus Topicality/Theory • Have a strategy! Have an overview! • Frame your arguments offensively - example: literature checks • Most likely will be a competing interpretations debate because you almost always want to extend a counter-interpretation in the 2ar: make sure you have arguments your interpretation is good and why theirs is bad • Compare impacts for standards – ex. what is more important, fair limits versus more negative ground? • Can argue against the 2nr’s framing of the debate being about competing interpretations

20. 15. Tips for the Case Debate • Don’t have to go for all your advantages – pick based on 2nr strategy • If you are going for an advantage outweighs the neg, do not put it on the bottom • Cites = key! • Don’t get bogged down on bad arguments, but make sure you have an answer

21. Finals of the TOC – 2ar http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1xI7YKjvBSY Did this 2ar follow all the guidelines? Now it is your turn to be in the finals of the TOC…. 2010!