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MUSCLE & NERVOUS TISSUE

MUSCLE & NERVOUS TISSUE. MUSCULAR TISSUE . HIGHLY SPECIALIZED TO CONTRACT OR SHORTEN , TO PRODUCE MOVEMENT THERE ARE 3 DIFFERENT TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUE: SKELETAL, CARDIAC, & SMOOTH. MUSCLE TISSUE TYPES DIAGRAMS. SKELETAL(STRIATED) MUSCLE TISSUE- APPEARANCE. LONG, CYLINDRICAL CELLS

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MUSCLE & NERVOUS TISSUE

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  1. MUSCLE & NERVOUS TISSUE

  2. MUSCULAR TISSUE • HIGHLY SPECIALIZED TO CONTRACT OR SHORTEN, TO PRODUCE MOVEMENT • THERE ARE 3 DIFFERENT TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUE: SKELETAL, CARDIAC, & SMOOTH

  3. MUSCLE TISSUE TYPES DIAGRAMS

  4. SKELETAL(STRIATED) MUSCLE TISSUE- APPEARANCE • LONG, CYLINDRICAL CELLS • MANY NUCLEI/CELL • CELLS CONTAIN DISTINCTIVE STRIATION (BANDING PATTERN)

  5. SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUE LOCATION • SKELETAL MUSCLES ARE FOUND ATTACHED TO THE SKELETON (OVER BONES)

  6. SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUE FUNCTIONS • MUSCULAR CONTRACTIONS PULL ON BONES OR SKIN TO PRODUCE MOVEMENT OR CHANGES IN FACIAL EXPRESSION • VERY STRONG, RAPID SHORT TERM CONTRACTIONS THAT REQUIRE NERVE IMPULSES TO FUNCTION • UNDER VOLUNTARY CONTROL

  7. CARDIAC MUSCLE TISSUE1000X & 400X .

  8. CARDIAC MUSCLE TISSUE APPEARANCE • CELLS ARE BRANCHED AND JOIN TOGETHER TO FORM A NETWORK • NUCLEI ARE IN THE MIDDLE OF CELLS (1 2 NUCLEI PER CELL) • INTERCALATED DISKS PRESENT (DARK LINES THAT SHOW JUNCTIONS BETWEEN CELLS) • SOME STRIATIONS ARE VISIBLE

  9. CARDIAC MUSLCE TISSUELOCATION • CARDIAC MUSCLE TISSUE IS FOUND ONLY IN THE HEART

  10. CARDIAC MUSCLE TISSUEFUNCTIONS • PUMPS HEART AND PROPELS BLOOD THROUGH BLOOD VESSELS • CONTAINS SPECIAL IMPULSE-CONDUCTING MUSCLE CELLS; ABLE TO INITIATE CONTRACTION WITHOUT BEING STIMULATED BY A NERVE IMPULSE • UNDER INVOLUNTARY CONTROL

  11. SMOOTH(VISCERAL) MUSCLE TISSUE - APPEARANCE • NO STRIATIONS • LONG, SPINDLE-SHAPED CELLS • SINGLE NUCLEUS IN CENTER OF CELL

  12. SMOOTH MUSCLE TISSUELOCATION • FOUND IN WALLS OF DIGESTIVE TRACT • URINARY, RESPIRATORY, & REPRODUCTIVE TRACTS • BLOOD VESSELS

  13. SMOOTH MUSCLE TISSUEFUNCTIONS • SLOW, RHYTHMIC CONTRACTIONS CAUSED BY HORMONES & NERVE IMPULSES • MOVE MATERIALS THROUGH BODY & ALLOW FOR BREATHING, BLADDER CONTROL, ETC. • CONTRACTION & RELAXATION CONTROLS BLOOD FLOW IN VARIOUS BODY PARTS AND CAN CAUSE CRAMPING • UNDER INVOLUNTARY CONTROL

  14. NERVOUS TISSUE • The neuromuscular junction is the junction where nerve endings plug into muscle cells.

  15. NERVOUS TISSUE • COMPOSED OF CELLS CALLED NEURONS • NEURONS RECEIVE & CONDUCT ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPULSES FROM ONE PART OF THE BODY TO ANOTHER • NEURONS, ALONG WITH SUPPORTING CELLS, MAKE UP THE BRAIN, SPINAL CORD, AND NERVES

  16. FUNCTIONS OF NERVOUS TISSUE • MONITOR ACTIVITIES IN VARIOUS PARTS OF THE BODY • COMMUNICATES AND EXCHANGES INFORMATION BETWEEN ALL BODY PARTS • CONTROL CENTER THAT GATHERS, INTEGRATES, STORES, & RECALLS INFORMATION AND COMMANDS THE NECESSARY ACTIONS

  17. TYPES OF NEURONSSENSORY • TRANSMITS IMPULSES FROM RECEPTORS (CELLS IN EYES, EARS, SKIN, ETC.) TOWARD BRAIN/SPINAL CORD • “SPY” OR “TATTLETALE” - TELLS THE BRAIN WHAT IS GOING ON

  18. TYPES OF NEURONSASSOCIATIVE NEURON • FOUND ONLY IN THE BRAIN & SPINAL CORD - FORMS A LINK BETWEEN THE SENSORY INPUT & MUSCLE ACTIVITY • “MIDDLEMAN” OR “HEADQUARTERS” • GETS THE INFORMATION, DECIDES WHAT TO DO, AND TELLS THE MOTOR NEURONS TO CARRY OUT THE PLAN

  19. TYPES OF NEURONSMOTOR NEURON • TRANSMIT IMPULSES FROM THE BRAIN TO EFFECTORS (MUSCLES OR GLANDS) TO CAUSE AN ACTION • DOES THE WORK, CARRIES OUT ORDERS • “DRONE” OR “HENCHMAN”

  20. REVIEW - 1 • Which of the following terms describes cardiac muscle? A. Striated B. Intercalated Disks C. Multinucleated D. Involuntary E. Branching

  21. REVIEW - 2 • Muscle tissue is designed to: A. Contract B. Shorten C. Both A and B D. Protect the body from harmful UV rays

  22. REVIEW - 3 • All muscle tissue is A. Voluntary B. Extendable C. Striated D. Involuntary

  23. REVIEW - 4 • Smooth muscle is: A. Found in the walls of hollow organs B. Always attached to bone C. Found in the heart D. Always voluntary

  24. REVIEW - 5 • Which type of neuron is found only in the brain and spinal cord? A. Motor neurons B. Sensory neurons C. Associative neurons D. All of the above E. None of the above

  25. THE END

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