1 / 16

ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY

ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY. Dr. Sam Rhodes Office Hours: T – 9-10, W 9-10, R 10-12, F 1:30-3:30 Tel: 317-738-8305. Syllabus Class Organization Course Website The Importance of the Textbook.

charde-alexander
Download Presentation

ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY Dr. Sam Rhodes Office Hours: T – 9-10, W 9-10, R 10-12, F 1:30-3:30 Tel: 317-738-8305

  2. SyllabusClass OrganizationCourse WebsiteThe Importance of the Textbook

  3. 1. What is Physiology? Mechanistic approach Evolutionary approach2. The Importance of the Hypothetico-Deductive Method

  4. Intracelluar fluid Issues of Being Multicellular A. each cell has requirements B. interstitial fluid C. circulatory system D. cells form tissues and organs that perform specialized functions for the whole organism Cell Interstitial fluid oxygen nutrients Blood Vessel Carbon dioxide wastes Plasma Extracellular fluid

  5. Organs are made of two or more types of of tissue (epithelium, connective tissue muscle or nerve) • Organ systems consist of two or more organs functioning together to serve the body (exchange gases, obtain nutrients, void wastes • All organ systems function together to provide the requirements of each cell in the body

  6. Issues of Size and Scale SA / V = 6 SA / V = 3 • Obtaining nutrients • Voiding wastes • Heat loss / gain • Gas exchange

  7. Homeostasis: maintaining a relatively constant internal environment • Regulators (expend metabolic energy to maintain homeostasis) • Conformers (do not expend metabolic energy to maintain homeostasis)

  8. Maintain Body systems Homeostasis Is essential For survival of Make up Cells Fig. 1-6, p.11

  9. Major Components of a Homeostatic Control System • Set point • Sensor (receptor) • Integrator • Effector • Feedback

  10. * Relieves Deviation in controlled variable (detected by) Sensor (informs) Integrator Set Point (sends instructions to) Effector(s) (brings about) Compensatory response (results in) Controlled variable restored to normal (leads to) Negative feedback to shut off the system responsible for the response Fig. 1-8a, p.13

  11. Detected by the hypothalamus – which signals the pituitary Increase in fluid concentration Provides Negative Feedback Pituitary releases Antidiuretic Hormone which acts on the kidney Helps dilute body fluids and counteract affects of dehydration Kidney produces a low volume of very concentrated urine. This helps retain more water in body Fig. 1-8c, p.13

  12. Controlled variable Higher regulator Sensor Integrator Set point Effector (a) Reset control of negative feedback by a higher system or clock Fig. 1-10a, p.17

  13. Deviation in controlled variable (May use a Sensor) Integrator or regulatory process Accentuates the change Output (may use an effector) (b) Positive feedback Fig. 1-10b, p.17

  14. Signal from mature fetus Uterus begins contractions Stretch sensors Contractions enhanced Mother’s hypothalamus Pituitary gland Oxytocin secreted (c) Example of positive feedback: birth of a mammal Fig. 1-10c, p.17

  15. Importance of Mathematical Modeling (Curve Fitting) • Describe and communicate information effectively • Make predictions about the function of a system • Help to formulate and select from alternative hypotheses

More Related