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Byron A. Miller. The Civil Rights Movement. The Civil Rights Movement.
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Byron A. Miller The Civil Rights Movement
The Civil Rights Movement • During the 1950’s & 1960’s, minorities in America intensified their quest for equal rights. The Civil Rights Movement was at a peak from 1955-1965. Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, guaranteeing basic civil rights for all Americans, regardless of race, after nearly a decade of nonviolent protests and marches, ranging from the 1955-1956 Montgomery bus boycott to the student-led sit-ins of the 1960s to the huge March on Washington in 1963.
Montgomery Bus Boycott • The Montgomery Bus Boycott officially started on December 1, 1955. That was the day when the blacks of Montgomery, Alabama, decided that they would boycott the city buses until they could sit anywhere they wanted, instead of being relegated to the back when a white boarded.
March on Washington, D.C. • In 1963, President Kennedy proposed a new civil rights bill. To show that the bill had widespread support, civil rights groups united to organize a March on Washington. Organizers hoped to draw a crowd of 100,000, but instead over 250,000 people from around the nation, descended on Washington, DC on August 28, 1963.
Free At Last • From every mountainside, let freedom ring. • And when this happens, when we allow freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God's children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual: • Free at last! free at last! • Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!
Malcolm X Biography • Malcolm X (1925–65) also known as El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz, born Malcolm Little in Omaha, Neb. He was introduced to the Nation of Islam while serving a prison term and became a Muslim minister upon his release in 1952. He quickly became very prominent in the movement with a following perhaps equaling that of its leader, Elijah Muhammad. In 1964, after a pilgrimage to Mecca, he announced his conversion to orthodox Islam and his new belief that there could be brotherhood between black and white.
Asa Biography • In 1917, Asa Randolph founded the journal, The Messenger, and taught at the New York Rand School of Social Science. Randolph lectured across the country, urging blacks to join unions. In June 1941 Randolph persuaded President Franklin Roosevelt to form the Fair Employment Practice Committee. This committee paved the way for equal employment of minority groups in war production and defense industries, and government employment. His civil rights efforts culminated in 1963 when Randolph helped organize the march on Washington, D.C.
Emmett’s Tragic Story • In August 1955, a fourteen year old boy went to visit relatives near Money, Mississippi. Emmett went into a store and bought some candy. As he left, he said "Bye baby" to Carolyn Bryant, a white woman. A few days later, two men came to the cabin of Mose Wright, Emmett's uncle, in the middle of the night. Three days later, Emmett Till's body was found in the Tallahatchie River. One eye was gouged out, and his crushed-in head had a bullet in it.
For Additional Information • http://www.mecca.org/~crights/cyber.htm • http://www.martinlutherking.org/ • http://www.infoplease.com/spot/civilrightstimeline1.html
