A Handoff Architecture with Relay Agent in Nested Mobile Networks

1. A Handoff Architecture withRelay Agent in Nested Mobile Networks 1Jae Kul Lee, 2Choong Seon Hong 1,2 School of Electronics and Information, Kyung Hee University Korea 449-701 jaekul75@networking.kyunghee.ac.kr, cshong@khu.ac.kr

2. Introduction • The evolution of information technology has enabled a mobile object such as person, car, bus, train, airplane, or ship to carry a plethora of information device • Although Mobile IPv6 can be considered as a solution for the problem, it does not support in the situation • Routing is inefficient in nested mobile networks with several subnets • This paper proposesan architecture and element to support packet routing for mobile networks

3. Packet Format of the Binding Update Table 1. Binding update option format Table 2. MONET prefix sub-option

4. Operation of main components • Correspondent node operation • Checks validity of binding update • Creates a new entry in binding cache • Looks for entry corresponding to the destination address • Home agent operation • Checks validity of binding update • Tunnels the packet to the CoA coincide with a prefix • Mobile router operation • Sends the prefix scope binding update to its HA • Decapsulates packet and send packet to the original destination • Sends prefix scope binding update to the original sender

5. Routing Table : Prefix2 -> MR2 Prefix3 -> MR2 Routing Table : Prefix1 -> MR1 : : : Binding Cache : MR2 -> CoAMR2 Prefix2 -> CoAMR2 Prefix3 -> CoAMR2 : Binding Cache : MR1 -> CoAMR1 Prefix1 -> CoAMR1 HAMR1 (1) Stationary Network CN FR HAMR2 (2) (3 ) FR FR Mobile Network (e.g., Train) MR2 FR FR (4 ) Mobile Network (e.g., Person) MR1 (5 ) LFN1 LFN2 Scenario of mobile network Figure 1. Traditional nested mobile network

6. Handoff within the nested mobile network Routing Table : Prefix2 -> MR2 Prefix3 -> MR2 Routing Table : Prefix1 -> MR1 : : Binding Cache : MR2 -> CoAMR2 Prefix2 -> CoAMR2 Prefix3 -> CoAMR2 Binding Cache : MR1 -> CoAMR1 Prefix1 -> CoAMR1 HAMR1 Stationary Network CN FR HAMR2 FR FR Mobile Network (e.g., Train) MR2 FR FR Prefix 3 Prefix 2 MR1 Prefix 1 LFN1 LFN2 Figure 2. Handoff within the nested mobile network

7. Proposed Architecture • MRA(Mobile Relay Agent) • Role • Upon receiving a packet, the MRA set it’s address in this packet and relays it to next MRA or destination • Manage cache to support for mobile node or networks • Assignment • MRA is dynamically assigned mobile router on the path when mobile node or router sends Binding Update massage to Home Agent

8. Routing Table : Prefix2 -> MR2 Prefix3 -> MR2 Routing Table : Prefix1 -> MR1 : : Binding Cache : MR2 -> CoAMTA2 Prefix2 -> CoAMTA2 Prefix3 -> CoAMTA2 Binding Cache : MR1 -> CoAMTA2 Prefix1 -> CoAMTA2 HAMR1 (3) Stationary Network CN FR HAMR2 (2) (4) FR FR Mobile Network (e.g., Train) MTA2 FR FR (5 ) Prefix 3 Binding Cache : MR1 -> CoAMTA1 Prefix1 -> CoAMTA1 Prefix 2 Mobile Network (e.g., Person) MTA1 (6 ) Prefix 1 (1 ) LFN1 LFN2 Operation scenario in proposed Architecture Figure 3. Scenario in nested mobile network with MRA

9. Handoff in proposed Architecture Figure 4. Handoff within the nested mobile network

10. Simulation(1) Figure 5. Response time of HTTP Figure 6. Average of response time in the FTP download

11. Simulation(2) Figure 8. End-to-end of Video conference Figure 7. Response time of DB Query

12. Conclusion • This paper proposes MRA that supports route optimization in the nested mobile network • Mobile IPv6 with MRA allows top-level Router on a mobile network to directly communicate with CN • The simulation corresponding to response time of HTTP, FTP, DB and end-to-end delay of video conference shows that the proposed method is much better than the existing one