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Pharmacognosy of Cardiac Glycosides: Properties, Uses, and Tests

Cardiac glycosides are naturally occurring compounds with potent cardiovascular effects. They are found in plants like Nerium oleander, which contains toxic glycosides oleandrin and nerine. These compounds are used to treat heart conditions and can be detected through tests like Baljet, Liebermann, and H.W. Keller-Killiani. Digoxin is a drug derived from cardiac glycosides and is used to treat heart failure.

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Pharmacognosy of Cardiac Glycosides: Properties, Uses, and Tests

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  1. Cardiac glycosides Pharmacognosy 3rd Class, 1st Semester / 2023 By: Ph Faten Essam MSc pharmacy science

  2. Cardiac glycoside  Are important class of naturally occurring secondary compounds that widely distributed in nature with potential cardiovascular action.  Which have the ability to exert specific powerful action on the cardiac muscle

  3. Structure

  4. General properties of cardiac glycosides • Amorphous powder • Bitter taste • Soluble in water • Very toxic compound • Odorless

  5. Uses 1. To treat congestive heart failure 2. To treat atrial fibrillation and flutter

  6. Mechanism of action

  7. Nerium oleander  Oleander is one of the most poisonous plants in the world and contains numerous toxic compounds, many of which can cause death to people, especially young children  The most significant of these toxins are oleandrin and nerine, which are cardiac glycosides.

  8. Procedure

  9. Baljet test To the 2-3 ml of chloroform extract, add few drops of Baljet's reagent → orange or red will be found Eq ?????

  10. Liebermann test : • Take 2 ml of chloroform extract, and add 5 drop carefully of conc. H2SO4drop by drop on the side of the test tube violet color at first will be developed to green when standing . Mechanism of action H.W

  11. Keller killiani's test • Add 2ml of glacial acetic acid to 2ml chloroform extract in a test tube and a drop of ferric chloride solution. Then add 1 ml carefully of conc H2SO4drop by drop on the side of the test tube → a reddish brown ring will be formed

  12. Drug used in this lab. DIGOXIN is indicated for the treatment of mild to moderate heart failure in adults

  13. This lab may include report sheet so be careful !!!!

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