Blood and Lymphatic System

1. 10 Blood and Lymphatic System

2. Blood • Fluid consisting of formed elements and plasma. • Transports respiratory gases, chemical substances, and cells that act to protect the body from foreign substances. • Blood volume depends on body weight. An individual weighing 154 lb (70 kg) has a blood volume of about 5 qt or 5 L.

3. Centrifuge

4. Figure 10.1Blood and its components.

5. Blood • Formed Elements (45% of total volume of blood) • Erythrocytes (red blood cells) • Thrombocytes (platelets) • Leukocytes (white blood cells) • Plasma and formed elements constitute whole blood.

6. Blood • Plasma • The fluid part of the blood. • Clear and somewhat straw-colored. • 55% of total volume of blood; 91% water, 9% chemical compounds. • Provides nutritive substances and removes waste products of metabolism.

7. OVERVIEW OF BLOOD • Take out a piece of paper • The next slide will have a list of words. • Divide paper into three columns • What I already know. • What I learned about it today. • Rate your current knowledge 1-5 • 1 low to 5 high afterwards

8. Medical Terms • Erythrocyte • Leukocyte • Thrombocytes • Coagulation • http://www.unomaha.edu/hpa/blood.html

9. Blood • Erythrocytes – Red Blood Cells (RBCs) • Thrombocytes – Platelets • Important role in clotting • Leukocytes – White Blood Cells (WBCs)

10. Erythrocytes • Erythr/o = ______ • Cytes = ________ • Antigens – located on the surface of red blood cells

11. Thrombocytes • Thromb/o = _______ • Cytes =________ • What is clotting? • https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/anatomyvideos/000011.htm

12. Figure 10.3The clotting process (coagulation).

13. Leukocytes • Leuk/o= _______ • Cytes =_______ • Types of Leukocytes • Neutrophil • Eosinophil • Basophil • Monocyte • Lymphocyte – B and T Lymphocyte

14. Table 10.2 Types of Blood Cells and Functions http://www.unomaha.edu/hpa/blood.html

15. Neutrophil • Neutrophil chasing bacteria • Go neutrophil go! • https://youtu.be/MgVPLNu_S-w

16. Medical Terms Go Back To Sheet • Antigen • Erythrocyte • Leukocyte • Types of Leukocytes • Neutrophil • Eosinophil • Basophil • Monocyte • Lymphocyte – B and T Lymphocyte • Thrombocytes • Coagulation

17. Four Blood Types • What are the four blood types and their significance in blood typing and blood transfusion? • THE ABO SYSTEM • What are the four blood types? • What must be done before a blood transfusion can occur? • Look at page 311

18. Blood • Rh Factor • Presence of a substance called agglutinogen in the red blood cells. • 85% of the population: Rh positive. • 15% of the population: Rh negative.

19. Why it matters According to Blood Transfusions and the Immune System:1 “If incompatible blood is given in a transfusion, the donor cells are treated as if they were foreign invaders, and the patient's immune system attacks them accordingly. Not only is the blood transfusion rendered useless, but a potentially massive activation of the immune system and clotting system can cause shock, kidney failure, circulatory collapse, and death.”

20. Blood • Rh Factor • For a transfusion to be successful, ABO and Rh blood groups of the donor and recipient must be compatible. • If blood groups are not compatible, donated blood's RBCs can agglutinate and: • cause clogging of blood vessels • slow and/or stop circulation of blood to various parts of the body • can hemolyze (dissolve or be destroyed), and their contents leak out in the body

21. Table 10.3 Blood Groups and Compatibilities

23. Test your knowledge • Match up the blood types • Donor • O • A • B • AB • Recipient • O • A • B • AB

24. Lymphatic System • Role of the following-page 314 and edevices: • Where is it located? • What is the main function? • Spleen • Tonsils • Thymus

25. Complete this page

26. Completed

27. Accessory Organs • Spleen • A soft, dark-red oval body lying in the upper left quadrant of the abdomen. • Major site of destruction for erythrocytes over 80–120 days old. • Serves as a reservoir for blood. • Plays an essential role in the immune response and acts as a filter, removing microorganisms from blood.

28. Accessory Organs • Tonsils • Lymphoid masses located in depressions of the mucous membranes of the face and pharynx that filter bacteria and aid in the formation of white blood cells. • Consist of • Palatine tonsil • Pharyngeal tonsil (adenoid) • Lingual tonsil

29. Figure 10.7Tonsils—normal and enlarged.

30. Accessory Organs • Thymus • Located in the mediastinal cavity. • Plays an essential role in the formation of antibodies and the development of the immune response in the newborn. • Manufactures infection-fighting T cells, which are important in the body's immune response, and helps distinguish normal T cells from those that attack the body's own tissue.

31. Immunity • Passive Immunity- transfer of antibody produced by another human or another animal to another • Temporary protection • Transplacental most important source in infancy.

32. Active Immunity • Active Immunity – system produces humoral immunity (secreting antibodies) and cellular immunity (secreting T-lympocytes alone) • Last years often a lifetime • Sources • Infection from disease-causing form of organism • Vaccination

33. Discussion • https://youtu.be/yqUFy-t4MlQ • Should we destroy the few vials left of smallpox that are kept in the US and Russia BSL4 labs? • http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/biodefenserelated/biodefense/publicmedia/labtour/Pages/default.aspx

34. Flashcards on page 320 Break these words down • Agglutination • Anaphylaxis • Anemia • Basophil • Coagulable • Erythrocyte • Hematocrit • Hematologist • Hematoma • Hemostasis • Hyperglycemia • Leukocyte • Lymphedema • Mononucleosis • Phagocytosis • Splenomegaly • Thrombectomy • Thrombosis