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MOTOR DELAY

Learn about the most common causes of motor delay, including cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy. Explore prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal factors contributing to motor delay, and discover how to diagnose and manage these conditions effectively.

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MOTOR DELAY

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  1. MOTOR DELAY

  2. Most common causes of motor delay: • Cerebral palsy2/1000 • Muscular dystrophy 1/3000 • Spina bifida <1/1000

  3. ETIOLOGY Prenatal factors – infection, metabolic, anoxia, genetic, infarction Perinatal – asphyxia, low birth weight, sepsis, prematurity, congenital anomalies Postnatal – toxins, trauma, infection

  4. DIAGNOSIS • Early diagnosis is difficult. • Motor Examination • - traditional neurologic exam • - assessment of primitive reflexes • - elicitation of postural responses

  5. MANAGEMENT • Cerebral palsy is not curable. • Goal of therapy is aimed at: • - maintaining function (secondary prevention) • - maximizing or developing new functions

  6. ACTIVITIES DIRECTED TOWARD MAINTENANCE OF FUNCTION • Motor therapy to prevent contractures. • Positioning to ensure symmetry and prevent scoliosis.

  7. ACTIVITIES … • Assistive devices (walkers, poles, standing frames, wheelchairs) • Surgical procedures • - adductor tenotomy or psoas transfer • - tenotomy of the Achilles tendon • - dorsal rhizotomy

  8. NON-MOTOR ACTIVITIES DIRECTED TOWARD MAINTENANCE OF SELF-ESTEEM AND PREVENTION OF SECONDARY BEHAVIORAL DISTURBANCES • Parental counseling for appropriate expectations • School placement consonant with the child’s abilities • Opportunities for social interaction

  9. ASSOCIATED HANDICAPS IN CP • Seizure disorder • Mental retardation • Visual problems • Hearing disorders • Feeding problems • Dental problems • Speech/language problems • Behavioral problems

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