Chap 4 Sect 2

2. Chap 4 Sect 2 • Objective – After this lesson students will be able to evaluate the events of April 19, 1775 and compare and contrast the various historical accounts of what occurred in and around the towns of Lexington and Concord, MA

3. 1772 The Gaspee Affair • RI colonists burn British customs ship • England threatens RI • RI asks for assistance • TJ suggests Comm. Correspondance • Unify colonies • Coordinate efforts

4. Oct 1773 - Boston Tea Party • British East India Co is bankrupt • Crown comes up with plan • Sell tea in colonies at discount, but with a tax • Sam Adams & Sons of Liberty oppose • World’s largest cup of tea

5. Spring 1774 – The King is not Happy!!! • The Coercive Acts (Intolerable Acts) • Shutdown port of Boston • Ban town meetings • Appoint Military Governor in Massachusetts

6. Sept 1774 – 1st Continental Congress • Meet in Philadelphia • Express loyalty to King, but condemn Coercive Acts Some want to compromise, Others want to break away

7. Oct 1774 – Massachusetts defies the King • April 1775 – Shot heard ‘round the world • Lexington & Concord • July 1775 – Battle of Bunker Hill • July 1775 – Olive Branch Petition • Aug 1775 – King declares the colonies “open and avowed enemies” • Jan 1776 – Common Sense by Thomas Paine • Mar 1776 – British retreat from Boston • July 4, 1776 – Declaration of Independence !!!

8. Gen Gage’s orders to Lt. Col. Smith • Having received intelligence, that a quantity of Ammunition, Provision, Artillery, Tents and small arms, have been collected at Concord, for the Avowed Purpose of raising and supporting a Rebellion against His Majesty, you will March with the Corps of Grenadiers and Light Infantry, put under your command, with the utmost expedition and Secrecy to Concord, where you will seize and destroy all artillery, Ammunition, Provisions, Tents, Small Arms, and all Military Stores whatever.But you will take care that the Soldiers do not plunder the inhabitants, or hurt private property

9. British plans • Apr 18 1775 • Orders issued to Lt. Col. Smith • Revere warned about upcoming movement • British patrols sent out to clear the countryside • Apr 19 1775 • One if by land, two if by sea • Revere and Dawes ride out

10. Revere’s capture • Revere “alarms” Lexington • "Noise!" cried Revere, "You'll have noise enough before long. The regulars are coming out!" • Revere captured ~ 0130 AM

11. Dr. Prescott….who???? • 0130 Prescott escapes capture and rides back to Concord • Had been “courting” fiancee in Concord • 0200 • Lexington militia form on the Green • British Major Pitcarin (Marines) enroute • “I have so despicable an opinion of the people of this country that I would not hesitate to march with the Marines I have with me to any part . . . and do whatever I was inclined. I am satisfied they will never attack Regular troops.”

12. “Disperse, you damn Rebels !!” • 0500 • British Marines confront militia • Shots fired – 8 militia dead, 9 wounded

13. “Fire! For God’s sake, fellow soldiers, fire !” • 0700 • Regulars arrive in Concord • Militia forms on hill overlooking North Bridge outside of town • British cross bridge, then retreat back • 0930 • Militia march towards bridge • Brits fire warning shot – or did they? • Militia fire – hit 12, including 4 officers • Brits retreat - outnumbered

14. North Bridge

15. Battle Road • “We retired for fifteen miles under an incessant fire, which like a moving circle surrounded us and followed us wherever we went.” • Noon – 7PM Brits retreat to Boston

16. Who Fired First ? • The class will be split 50/50 British/Patriot • Each group will review 1st person accounts of the day’s events • Each group will review the Boardside, “Bloody Butchery” and General Gage’s account of the events • Groups will debate their position as to “who fired first”