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Knowledge Translation Research

This document investigates the complexities of Knowledge Translation (KT) in healthcare, focusing on who the targets are, what constitutes evidence, the timing for translation, the contextual factors that influence uptake, and the theoretical frameworks guiding research. Through a critical lens, it highlights the predominance of physician-focused KT studies and raises pertinent questions about the readiness for translation, the generalizability of findings, and the need for a solid theoretical basis. The aim is to improve KT processes and foster effective knowledge uptake in diverse healthcare settings.

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Knowledge Translation Research

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  1. Knowledge Translation Research Anne Sales Faculty of Nursing University of Alberta anne.sales@ualberta.ca

  2. Acknowledgements • Funding from the Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research • Support from CIHR as a Canada Research Chair

  3. Five W’s of KT research • Who • What • When • Where • Why

  4. Who: targets of KT • Most KT research has focused on transfer or uptake of knowledge to professionals/providers • Majority of KT research has focused on physician providers • Not entirely clear why

  5. What: Evidence and/or knowledge • Not entirely clear what constitutes evidence • Most KT research has focused on results of empirical research as evidence • Strong emphasis on hierarchies of evidence • Based on treatment models– causality as the primary question for empirical research • Not clear if these are the most appropriate models for KT research • Problem of external validity/generalizability

  6. When: when is something ready for translation? • Test of time issue • Repeated questions about external validity • Dynamic nature of knowledge and evidence • “Community standard” vs. guideline

  7. Where: Context • In the organizational frame, this is a key question for external validity • Things that work in one place don’t always work in another • Currently a major focus of KT research

  8. Why: the need for theory • Most existing KT research has little to no explicit theory base • Rests on unstated assumptions • Lack of awareness • Lack of recognition • Lack of time • Lack of motivation • Lack of coordination • Lack of self-efficacy • Lack of planning • Human psychology/social science theories cover most of these factors • Need to test and improve the theory base to create more efficient, knowledge-generating approaches to KT

  9. Open questions • When should we initiate KT activity? • What criteria make it worth the cost of attempting to induce behavior change? • What contextual factors influence knowledge uptake? • Can we do anything to make contexts more amenable to KT/U? • Can we arrive at robust theories that help us plan and implement KT/U activities?

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