DISTRICT 5 TH GRADE DIAGNOSTIC HIGHLIGHT SCIENCE REVIEW

1. DISTRICT 5TH GRADE DIAGNOSTIC HIGHLIGHT SCIENCE REVIEW

2. This particular PowerPoint is a highlight of the questions missed by greater than 50% of the students District wide. • The full presentation for all questions is available.

3. 15. Alexandra has heard that you can make a banana ripen faster by putting it in a paper bag. She decides to create an investigation to determine if this is true. She places a green banana in a paper bag and closes it up. She places another green banana on the kitchen counter. Which choice describes the most accurate way for Alexandra to observe the bananas and record the results? A. write a description of each banana after two weeks B. take a picture of each banana every day C. measure each banana every day with a ruler D. weigh each banana and use that data to create a bar graph

4. ANSWER B: Alexandra needs to document the changes in each banana over several days. The best method to “prove” the changes is to take photographs. SC.H.1.2.2: The student knows that a successful method to explore the natural world is to observe and record and then analyze and communicate the results. Science Dailies p. 86 – 87 Textbook (any lab experience)

5. 18. Which of the following factors mainly influences the water cycle? F. heat energy G. gravity H. fossil fuels J. land surface

6. ANSWER F: Heat energy provided by the Sun is the major contributing force for the water cycle. SC.D.1.2.3: The student knows that the water cycle is influenced by temperature, pressure and the topography of the land. Science Dailies p. 40 – 41 Textbook p. 292 – 298 Lab manual p. 107 - 109

7. 19. A scientist is studying land formations at different regions around the world. Which of the following results would most likely be caused over time by earthquakes in a specific area? A. typhoons B. beach erosion C. global warming D. volcano formation

8. ANSWER D: Volcanic activity and earthquakes are located in similar areas of the world, usually along plate boundaries, such as the “Ring of Fire” found around the Pacific Ocean Plate. SC.D.1.2.4: The students knows that the surface of the Earth is in a continuous state of change as waves, weather and shifts of the land constantly change and produce many new features. Science Dailies p. 42 – 45 Textbook p. 268 – 275 Lab manual p. 101 - 102

9. 22. Bala is monitoring the pollution levels in his local pond. He measures the level of pollution at a different spot in the pond at the same time every day. What is the main thing wrong with Bala’s observations? F. He is taking measurements in only one pond. G. He measures the pollution only once per day. H. He is not taking measurements at the same spot each day. J. He measures the pollution at the same time each day.

10. ANSWER H: During any experiment it is important to have only one variable (thing that is being tested). By taking samples at different spots Bala is introducing a second variable to the experiment. SC.H.1.2.1:The student knows that it is important to keep accurate records and descriptions to provide information and clues on causes of discrepancies in repeated experiments. Science Dailies p. 84 – 85 Textbook p. 18 – 23 Lab manual p. 19 - 21

11. 26. The Sun is at the center of our solar system. Which description best describes the Sun’s effect on Earth? F. It shines on Earth only during the daytime. G. It shines on the Moon only once a month. H. It provides Earth with heat and light during the daytime. J. It provides Earth with heat and light all the time.

12. ANSWER J: The Sun is a star that provides energy in the form of light and heat to the Earth all the time. SC.E.1.2.3: The student knows that the Sun is a star and that its energy can be captured or concentrated to generate heat and light for work on Earth. Science Dailies p. 50 – 51 Textbook p. 338 – 339

13. 30. Joe lives near a mountain range. He sees that thick clouds have been gathering all day and the temperature has dropped from 57° F to 42° F. Which weather is most likely to occur? F. a rainstorm G. a tornado H. snowfall J. sunshine

14. ANSWER F: Scientists know that natural events such as weather are predictable and logical. SC.H.2.2.1: The student knows that natural events are often predictable and logical. Science Dailies p. 90 – 91 Textbook p. 296 - 298

15. 31. The human body is made of systems that are related. How are the circulatory and respiratory systems related to each other? A. The respiratory system is a part of the circulatory system. B. The respiratory system delivers digested food to the circulatory system. C. The respiratory system works with the circulatory system to pump and circulate blood throughout the body. D. The respiratory and circulatory systems work together to supply oxygen to every cell in the body.

16. ANSWER D: The respiratory and circulatory systems are two of the most interconnected systems in our bodies. The respiratory system provides oxygen and removes carbon dioxide from the body, while the circulatory system carries oxygen, water and nutrients throughout the body. SC.F.1.2.1: The student knows that the human body is made of systems with structures and functions that are related. Science Dailies p. 56 – 57 Textbook p. 374 – 385 Lab manual p. 136 - 138

17. 36. Two types of protists compete for the same space and resources. If one type of protist was receiving more resources than another, what is the most likely outcome? F. Both protists will thrive. G. The protist receiving fewer resources will thrive. H. The protist receiving more resources will thrive. J. Neither protist will thrive.

18. ANSWER H: When any two types of organisms compete for space and resources, one type will do better and increase at a greater rate. SC.G.1.2.1: The student knows ways that plants, animals and protists interact. Science Dailies p. 66 – 67 Textbook p. 454 – 461 Lab manual p. 158 - 160

19. 38. Over time, animals with bacteria in their intestines have flourished while those without bacteria have not survived. Bacteria digest food that the animals have swallowed but cannot digest. In this relationship, which benefits, the animals or the bacteria? F. Both the animal and the bacteria benefit. G. Only the bacteria benefit from getting fed by the animal. H. Neither the animal nor the bacteria benefit from their relationship. J. Only the animal benefits from having the bacteria digest what it cannot.

20. ANSWER F: There are many examples of two organisms living together based on a food relationship. In this case both are getting something from the relationship a form of symbiosis called mutualism. SC.F.1.2.2: The students know that living things compete in a climatic region with other living things and that structural adaptations make them fit for an environment. Science Dailies p. 68 – 69 Textbook p. 454 – 461

21. 42. Ciara observed how quickly her dog ate for five days in a row. She concluded that the dog always finished its food in four minutes regardless of the amount of food she gave it. Which of the following should Ciara do to reinforce the results of her experiment? F. Write a conclusion based on these results. G. Reward the dog by giving it more food. H. Repeat the experiment, giving the dog different amounts of food and different brands of food, and then make a hypothesis. J. Repeat the experiment, giving the dog the same amount of food, and increase the number of observations.

22. ANSWER J: A good scientist repeats an experiment several times and gathers data to make sure his/her experiment is correct. SC.H.1.2.2: The student know that a successful method to explore the natural world is to observe and record and then analyze and communicate the results. Science Dailies p. 86 – 87 Textbook p. 18 -23 Lab manual p. 19 - 21

23. 43. In 1928, scientist Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin. Penicillin is the medicine that can kill some bacteria that cause people to become sick. Until this discovery, people with bacterial diseases and infections often died because there was no cure for them. How did the discovery of penicillin affect everyday life? A. It purified the air and water supplies. B. It cured people of all diseases. C. It made people live longer and healthier lives. D. People no longer got sick from bacterial disease.

24. ANSWER C: Penicillin was able to kill many of the bacteria making people sick This allowed them to live longer and healthier lives. SC.H.3.2.1: The student understands that people, alone or in groups, invent new tools to solve problems and do work that affects aspects of life outside of science. Science Dailies p. 92 – 93