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Exploring Saltwater Environments: Ocean Layers and Life Forms

Discover the intricate layers of saltwater environments in the ocean, each home to diverse organisms. The ocean is divided into two main zones: the pelagic zone (open water) and the benthic zone (bottom water). The benthic zone has two subzones: the abyssal zone, characterized by extreme depths and cold temperatures, and the hadal zone, which includes the deepest parts of the ocean. The pelagic zone features three subzones, where varying light levels affect life. Learn about the fascinating creatures such as blue whales, tropical corals, and more that inhabit these ecosystems.

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Exploring Saltwater Environments: Ocean Layers and Life Forms

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  1. ScienceChapter 12.2 By Louise, Melissa, and Ralitsa

  2. SALTWATER ENVIRONMENTS • Ocean: many layers/zones Layers: diff types of life in each layer organisms depend on it 2 survive • Ocean water: 2 diff environment open water: pelagic zone bottom water: benthic zone benthic zone: 2 subzones: abyssal zone & hadal zone

  3. Benthic zone • Coldest, darkest part of ocean • Extends 4000m 2 surface • Subzone 1 = hadal zone • Depth = 6000m + • Zone = deepest trench • Earth rocks to 11000m • Subzone 2 = abyssal zone • Depth = 4000-6000m • Temp = freezing cold • Pressure = enormous water pressure • Zone = bottom of ocean

  4. Pelagic zone • Upper part of ocean • Extends from surface 2 depth  4000m • Lots of food • Water warmed by sunlight • Subzone 1 = midnight (bathypelagic) zone • Depth = 1000-4000m • Zone = no light • Subzone 2 = twilight zone • Depth = 200-1000m • Zone = light is dim no plant growth • Subzone 3 = sunlight (epipelagic) zone • Depth = 0-200m • Zone = sunlight penetrates zone • Allows photosynthesis in plants

  5. Saltwater Life Forms • What can be found in the ocean? blue whale, tropical corals, small fish, plants (in shallow warm water), large fish = tuna, halibut (colder, deeper water) sea sponges, tube warms, sea cucumbers (ocean floor) eat plankton, microscopic plants, dead sea creatures,etc. from surface layers -bacteria + diatoms = aquatic life in smallest forms -shoreline creatures: Sea urchins, crabs, sea stars, mussels, clams eat smaller organisms -rocky coastal islands/reefs = inhabited by large marine mammals eg. Otters, seals, sea lions

  6. The End!

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