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Sustainable Tourism in the Green Economy

Sustainable Tourism in the Green Economy. Sustainable tourism laboratory Blackstone valley tourism council Rhode island Presentation: megan epler wood. April 20, 2018. Travel and Tourism Statistics 2017. 1.235 billion international travelers

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Sustainable Tourism in the Green Economy

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  1. Sustainable Tourism in the Green Economy Sustainable tourism laboratory Blackstone valley tourism council Rhode island Presentation: meganepler wood April 20, 2018

  2. Travel and Tourism Statistics 2017 • 1.235 billion international travelers • 10% of direct, indirect and induced impacts on global GDP • 1 in 10 jobs • 7% of the world’s exports, or U.S. $1.5 trillion • Outlook Long Term 2010-2030 • 3.3% a year in international visitor growth • Developing countries to increase at 4.4% a year • Emerging economies to reach 57% market share of international arrivals

  3. But we are not counting total numbers France is the #1 tourism destination in the world… or is it??

  4. Aviation Sector in Global Economy • 2 billion passengers traveling annually in 2015/6 • 6 billion passengers are expected to travel by air yearly in the decades to come - 200% increase • Aviation will climb to 5% of earth’s total emissions by 2050, or as high as 15% • Sector is seeking to slow its carbon emissions and become carbon neutral by 2020- • Creating a large gap in emissions projected vs goal for neutrality • Is now launching a highly ambitious carbon offset program CORSIA

  5. Cruise Industry Expansion Goal to double bed capacity to serve Europe • Growth rate of European customers in 2013 – 6 million new customers • Legal loopholes abound for these large ships operating based on the law of the sea not land • Legal questions dictate if environmental and socio-cultural management can improve Venice

  6. U.S. National Parks Struggle with Heavy Visitation • 417 parks received 331 million visits in 2016, a record • Agency suffers budget cuts, with workforce shrinking by 1200 employees in the next fiscal year • NPS announces plan to double or even triple entry fees in 2017 • Grand Canyon would rise from $30 to $70 in peak seasons for a single vehicle • New fee hikes were put on hold in 2018 • But questions on how to address costs for NPS to operate and maintain parks remain

  7. Efforts to Measure Impacts on Resources The burden on local destinations is evident to all travelers, but data is surprisingly scarce. • Harvard Extension students have found a wide range of tourism related environmental impacts that remain unaccounted for, presented in the new book, Sustainable Tourism on a Finite Planet, 2017, Earthscan Routledge Press

  8. Growth of tourism implies certain realities for management locally

  9. Angkor Watt

  10. Taj Mahal, India International Visitor Numbers 750K

  11. Taj Mahal

  12. Impacts of Climate Change at the Destination level Sea level rise (SLR) due to glacier melting and ocean expansion due to warming of the oceans resulting in: • Coastal erosion and coastal retreat- affecting coastal tourism developments and other utilities infrastructure • Salt water intrusion to coastal aquifers – destroying freshwater resources previously serving locals’ and tourism’s demand

  13. Impacts of Climate Change at the Destination level • Sea Level Rise – Florida, US: • A one-foot rise in sea level -> $4 billion in real estate could be wiped out • At three feet -> the loss could reach $31 billion, with parts of the Everglades, the Florida Keys and the Miami region under water. Source: Skift; Southeast Florida Regional Climate Change Compact

  14. The essential nature of planning

  15. Planning Process: Examples of visualization DIAGNOSIS OF PRESENT SITUATION Source: Dr. Stephen Ervin, Harvard Graduate School of Design

  16. Harmonized Data Required Growing and Urgent Need for Harmonized Data • We need a “Moonshot” approach which engages the technical support of universities • Use of students, global IT systems, and GIS (geodesign) software makes this feasible for the first time in history NASA

  17. Fostering Better Decisions

  18. DESTINATION OF INCOMPARABLE VALUE INVEST IN NATIONAL RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE ESTABLISH THE VALUE OF COMMON POOL RESOURCES Tourism Framework of Sustainable Development CREATE RULES OF ENGAGEMENT BASED ON NEEDS OF NATION SET PRICE TO USE RESOURCES BRING CITIZENS UP TO SPEED AND PROTECT THEIR INTERESTS

  19. For More Information: Megan Epler Wood Director, International Sustainable Tourism Initiative Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health meganeplerwood@fas.harvard.edu

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