1 / 15

Indian Ocean & African Trade

Explore the historical significance of Indian Ocean trade networks facilitating travel, migration, and cultural interactions between Africa, Eurasia, and Southeast Asia. Discover the impact of monsoons, diverse regions, early voyages, new technologies, and human variety on the interconnected civilizations. Learn about the role of religion and the Trans-Saharan trade while facing the challenges of geography and the Bantu migration hypothesis.

calzada
Download Presentation

Indian Ocean & African Trade

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Indian Ocean & African Trade Networks of Communication & Exchange Chapter 7

  2. Not Just Trade… • Travel • Migration • Imperial conquest • Religious interaction • Cultural interaction

  3. Indian Ocean

  4. Unique… • First real ocean humans could cross rather than just clinging to shorelines • Place where Africa & Eurasia come together • Waters are warm • Wind system tailor-made for long-distance voyaging • Oceanic trade & travel longer here than anywhere • Lack of unity…connects lots of unique cultures

  5. Monsoons • Predictable • Sail with the wind, both ways • Discovered byall Indian Ocean peoples

  6. Three Distinct Regions • South China Sea • East coast of India to the islands of Southeast Asia • West coast of India to the Persian Gulf & the east coast of Africa

  7. Early Voyages • Could cross the top of the ocean & still follow a coastline • Early as third millennium BCE, sailors traversing waters between Mesopotamia & and the Indus in simple craft • Madagascar settled by people from Southeast Asia during first millennium

  8. New Technologies • Triangular lateen sail

  9. Ecological Variety • Served as stimulus to trade • East Africa – mangroves; frankincense • India – teak (wood) ; pepper • Arabia – horses; pearls • SE Asia – nutmeg • China – pottery; silk

  10. Human Variety • Connects Africa, Southwest Asia, South Asia, and East Asia • Vigorous cross-cultural interaction • port cities (entrepôt)

  11. Religion • Missionaries used the routes • Indian merchants had Brahmin priests travel spreading Hinduism • Spread of Buddhism • Spread of Christianity

  12. Trans-Saharan

  13. The Trade • Southern traders brought salt across Sahara • Equatorial forest traders brought palm oil • Romans supplied wheat & olives • Sahel were the middlemen

  14. The Challenge of Geography • Desert to north • Oceans to east and west • Difficult equatorial travel in rain forest • Mountains separate east and west • Few external contacts

  15. The Bantu • Hypothesis – cultural unity came from the peoples who occupied the southern Sahara & had to migrate southward; therefore common roots of culture (desertification) • Evidence comes from path of spread of bananas, copper, & iron smelting • Although over 2,000 distinct languages, they come from Bantu language family

More Related