Energy producing pathways

1. Energy producing pathways PHOTOSYNTHESIS I. Preview of photosynthesis II. Photosynthetic reactions III. Light dependent reactions IV. Light independent reactions V. Summary of events and importance of photosynthesis RESPIRATION I. ATP producing pathways II. Aerobic respiration A. Overview of the reaction B. Glycolysis C. Krebs Cycle D. Electron transport and chemiosmosis III. Anaerobic respiration IV. Fermentation A. Lactate fermentation B. Alcoholic fermentation V. The metabolism of energy sources VI. The carbon cycle

2. Photosynthesis I. Preview of photosynthesisII. Photosynthetic reactionsIII. Light dependent reactionsIV. Light independent reactionsV. Summary of events and importance of photosynthesis Light energy 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2

3. 2H2O 4H+ + 4e- + O2 III. Light dependent reactions Photo phosphorylation ATP synthase Capturing of light: chlorophyll Production of ATP/ NADPH

4. IV. Light independent reactions Rubisco CO2 Fixation Glucose

5. 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 V. Summary of events and importance of photosynthesis primary producers Light energy Oxidation or reduction? Catabolic or anabolic?

6. What is the fate of the electrons that are split from water? a. they are absorbed by oxygen b. they are used in electron transport to generate ATP c. they diffuse out of the plant d. they are absorbed by NADPH e. more than one of these is correct

7. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of RUBISCO? a. it fixes carbon into the Calvin cycle b. it is a protein c. it is the most common enzyme in the world d. it makes really good crackers

8. Which of the following is the second step in the light dependent reactions? a. photolysis b. phosphorylation c. capturing of light by chlorophyll d. electron transport

9. Which of the following is correct about photosynthesis? a. it is overall a process of reduction b. it is overall, endergonic c. it is overall, anabolic d. it is in the end creating potential energy e. all of the above

11. Respiration I. ATP producing pathways II. Aerobic respiration A. Overview of the reaction B. Glycolysis C. Krebs Cycle D. Electron transport and chemiosmosis III. Anaerobic respiration IV. Fermentation A. Lactate fermentation B. Alcoholic fermentation V. The metabolism of energy sources VI. The carbon cycle

12. I. ATP producing pathways Yield ATP per glucose Pathway Who does it Where its done O2 ? Aerobic respiration Most prokaryotes; All eukaryotes Cytoplasm, mitochondria 36-38 essential Anaerobic respiration 10-38 Some prokaryotes toxic Cytoplasm Some prokaryotes; some eukaryotes Fermentation 2 Cytoplasm inhibits

13. II. Aerobic respiration A. Overview of the reaction 3 steps 1. glycolysis 2. Citric Acid cycle 3. Oxidative phosphorylation

14. What is the function of NADH? a. to provide energy for endergonic reactions b. to carry electrons to electron transport chains c. to facilitate the breakdown of glucose d. to carry ATP across the mitochondrial membrane

15. B.Glycolysis

16. B.Glycolysis Takes place? End result Products

17. Where does glycolysis take place? a. the inner membrane of the mitochondrion b. in the cytoplasm c. the outer membrane of the mitochondrion d. on the ribosome How many NADH are generated in glycolysis? a. 1 b. 2 c. 4 d. 8

18. How many ATP are produced in glycolysis? a. 1 b. 2 c. 4 d. 8 What is the first step of glycolysis? a. phosphorylation of glucose b. generation of ATP c. generation of NADH d. splitting of glucose

19. What is the main purpose of the glycolysis and the Citric Acid cycle? a. generation of ATP b. production of CO2 c. generation of NADH d. splitting of glucose

20. Bridge Step Mitochondrion structure

21. C. Citric Acid Cycle Takes place? End result Products

22. How many ATP are produced in the Citric Acid cycle? a. 1 b. 2 c. 4 d. 8 How many NADH are generated in the Citric Acid cycle? a. 1 b. 2 c. 4 d. 6 How many CO2 are generated in the Citric Acid cycle? a. 1 b. 2 c. 4 d. 6

23. D. Oxidative Phosphorylation Takes place? End result? Products? Electron donors Oxidation or reduction? Final e- acceptor

24. What does the flow of electrons in e- transport generate? a. protons b. ATP c. NADH d. bioelectricity For what is the bioelectricity generated used? a. to phosphorylate ADP b. to generate e- carriers c. to power protein pumps to pump protons d. to energize O2

25. If a poison blocked the oxidation of NADH, which process would stop first? a. glycolysis b. Krebs cycle c. electron transport d. chemiosmosis What does glucose provide directly for aerobic respiration? Energy for metabolism Energy for ATP Electrons for NAD+ Bioelectricity for electron transport

26. Aerobic Respiration Summary

27. CO2 CH4 NO3- NH3 III. Anaerobic respiration Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, Oxidative phosphorylation Yield? Archaea Oxygen? Who does it? Clostridium botulina methanogens

28. What is the main difference in the process of • anaerobic respiration versus aerobic? • There is no difference • Anaerobic is done by prokaryotes and aerobic • by eukaryotes • c. The final electron acceptor is different • d. The maximum number of ATP generated is • different

29. A. Lactic acid fermentation B. Alcoholic fermentation IV. Fermentation Yield? Oxygen? Who does it?

30. Fermentation summary

31. What is the purpose of the last step (s) in • glycolysis? • Generation of ATP • Recycling of NAD+ • Production of CO2 • Splitting of glucose

32. V. The metabolism of energy sources

34. VI. The carbon cycle

36. The end