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Kingdom Animalia

Kingdom Animalia. By: Roshiny, Gurpreet and Akshana. What is an animal?. Animals are: Eukaryotic, multicellular organisms, these cells do not have cell walls. Heterotrophs; usually ingest then digest food Are mobile/ able to move

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Kingdom Animalia

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  1. Kingdom Animalia By: Roshiny, Gurpreet and Akshana

  2. What is an animal? • Animals are: • Eukaryotic, multicellular organisms, these cells do not have cell walls. • Heterotrophs; usually ingest then digest food • Are mobile/ able to move • Reproduce sexually and produces an embryo that undergoes development

  3. Vertebrate animals • What are vertebrate animals? • Animals that have a skeleton and backbone. • Their internal skeletons are made up of bone. • Some examples of vertebrate animals include… • Fish • Amphibians • Reptiles • Mammals

  4. Example of vertebrate

  5. Chordates • What are chordates? • Animals with backbones (vertebrates) but some chordates are invertebrates. • Their skeletons are inside. • Contain notochord before being replaced by a bony vertebrate column. • Notochord: is a flexible, rod-shaped body found in embryos of chordates. • They have a nerve cord before becoming a spinal cord or brain. • Nerve Cord: a hollow cord which later develops into a spinal cord and brain. • Their spinal cords can range from a few millimeters to 32 meters long.

  6. Chordates cont. • Importance of chordates to the ecosystem • Chordates are ancestors of reptiles, bird and mammals • Evolution of jawed fish • Bilateral symmetry • Creation of true lungs – more efficient • Creation of dry skin • Creation of amniotic egg – hard shell covered

  7. Fish • General Facts: • Half of the vertebrates are fish. • They occupy freshwater and salt water habitats. • Fish range size from 12 meters whale sharks to dwarf carps, which are less than a centimeter in size. • They have gills to obtain dissolved oxygen from water. • Rely on a suction mouth for holding on to their food.

  8. Fish cont. • Jawless/cartilage vs. Bony • Evolved fish are jawless and lack pairs fins and bony skeleton. • Sharks and Rays: have a skeleton of cartilage rather than bone. • Cartilage: the flexible, non bony, tough material found in vertebrate endoskeletons • Bony Fish: bony fish have a skeleton made of bone • Most bony fish have an air sac called a swim bladder • By filling the swim bladder with oxygen and then empting it, a fish is able to rise and sink in the water.

  9. Bony vs. cartilage

  10. Fish Cont.

  11. Amphibians vs. reptiles

  12. Amphibians vs. reptiles

  13. evolution • How did retiles evolve? • They evolve from amphibians • They adapted because of the changes to the environment • Cold blood (ectothermic) • Gills changed to efficient lungs • Skin covered with scales as an adaptation to dry land – does not evaporate water • The amniotic egg evolved – hard shell on eggs

  14. Amphibians • The importance of amphibians to the ecosystem: • They are secondary consumers in many food chains. • Have predator prey relationships. • If something was to go wrong with them it would cause a domino effect on other ecosystems.

  15. Bibliography • Roshiny: • Ecological Signficance. (n.d.). Hayes. Retrieved October 15, 2012, from ces.iisc.ernet.in/biodiversity/amphibians/eco • Akshana: • Chordates. (n.d.). Monroe County Women's Disability Network. Retrieved October 15, 2012, from http://www.mcwdn.org/Animals/Chordate.htmlChordates - Phylum Chordata. (n.d.). Angelfire: Welcome to Angelfire. Retrieved October 15, 2012, from http://www.angelfire.com/mo2/animals1/phylum/chordata.htmlChordates - The Gale Encyclopedia of Science | HighBeam Research. (n.d.). Research - Articles - Journals | Research better, faster at HighBeam Research. Retrieved October 15, 2012, from http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G2-2830100511.html • Chordata. (n.d.). In Dictionary.com. Retrieved from http://m.dictionary.com/r/?q=Chordata • Gurpreet: • Science Textbook

  16. The End 

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